Such info searched out by Jerry Waters. Can anybody explain, please, does this de facto occupation of the Baltic States mean also de jure occupation?!
The Times | July 5, 1940
OCCUPIED BALTIC STATES CAUTIOUS SOVIET POLICY
FROM A CORRESPONDENT Within a month of the departure of Hitler's Baltic Germans from Tallinn on May 18, Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia were occupied by Soviet troops, and Governments enjoying the confidence of Moscow were set up in each State. During their 20 years of independence, by unremitting sacrjfice and united, dogged, well-planned efforts, these States had struggled out of war-ravaged, poverty-stricken conditions to a standard of living incomparably higher than that existing in the Soviet Union. This prosperity the Soviet leaders aim to preserve. Therefore they have subtly avoided arousing animosity. The Communist Party was declared illegal in these States several years ago.. The newly appointed Governments include no member of the Comintern nor any Communist national of any of the States-some were in prison, others had escaped into Russia. Few are Socialists, alt are avowed Nationalists, and almost all are drawn from the professional class of the community. Internal administration has not yet been interfered with and there are indications that changes are to be introduced only in an ostensibly constitutional manner, such as by elections. In each State, a few hundred political prisoners, not only Communists, were immediately released. The retention of President Paets, of Estonia, and President Ulmanis, of Latvia, at their posts is a guarantee of no disturbance, for these popular leaders have piloted their countries through many storms, and the people are confident they will do their utmost to retain the greatest measure of autonomy possible. The flight of President Smetona shocked the Lithuanian people, as he was their first President, had been President since 1926, and was virtually Dictator for 10 years, and Parliament, elected four years ago, was artificially of one party- his supporters. The Presidents of Estonia and Latvia, too, had periods of authoritarian regime, to avoid civil war after attempts at a Puttscl. In Estonia this had been succeeded by a Government nominated by the President assisted by a Chamber of Deputies- 80 elected members- and a National Council representing the Army, learning, religion, finance, and labour. In Latvia, election depended on profession, not geography. The State Economic Council and State Council of Culture represented the Chambers of Trade and Industry, of Agriculture, of Labour, of Professions, of Arts and Crafts, and of Art -1o T _11-r
The Times | June 17, 1940
DEMANDS TO BALTIC STATES ESTONIA AND LATVIA
TALLINN, June 17.-Estonia has accepted demands from the Soviet Government "to guarantee the carrying out of the Soviet-Estonian Mutual Assistance Pact," it is officially announecd here. The Estonian Government, after accepting the demands, resigned, and the President is taking the necessary measures for the speedy formation of a new Ministry. The Soviet demands include one for the augmentation of the Soviet garrison in Estonia, and Red troops will now be stationed in several new centres.-Reter. According to a Moscow dispatch to the official German News Agencv, Russia has also sent demands to Latvia similar to those presented to Estonia. *.* A message on Lithuania's acceptance of a Soviet ultimatum appears on page 5. SOVIET
The Times | August 2, 1940
RUSSIAN POLICY IN EUROPE NEUTRALITY REAFFIRMED M. MOLOTOFF ADDRESSES SUPREME' SOVIET COUNCIL RELATIONS WITH BRITAIN
M. Molotoff, the Soviet Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs, reviewed Soviet relations with foreign countries in the light of the present war. He declared that Russia would remain neutral, and that efforts to detach her from the Pact with Germany had failed. Relations with Great Britain, he said, had not improved, though he acknowledged that the mission of Sir Stafford Cripps showed a desire for a better understanding. COURSE OF WAR REVIEWED INCORPORATION OF TERRITORIES Ile seventh session of the Suprcme Council of the Soviet Union met in Moscow yesterday (says Reuter). M. Molotoff, President of the Council of People's Commissars and Commissar for Foreign Affairs, made a statement on foreign policy in which he said:- Since last spring the war has been developing rapidly. In a matter of a month or six weeks the Gcrman Army not only broke the resistance of France, but compelled her to sign armistice terms under which the greater part of her territory, including Paris, remains in the occupation of German troops. Although she has obtained an armistice, France has not yet obtained peace. Of the two Allies that confronted Germany and Italy, only England has remained; and she has decided to continue the war, relying on the assistance of the United States. There is no need to dwell here on all the causes that brought about the defeat of France, who revealed her exceptional weakness in war. Clearly the cause lay not only in bad military preparedncss; of considerable importance was also the fact that, unlike Germany, leading circles in France treated too lightly the role and the weight of the Soviet Union in European affairs. Recent events have shown that the ruling circles in France were not connected with the people, and far from relying on its support, feared their people which is deservedly famed as a liberty-loving people with glorious revolutionary traditions.
HITLER'S " PEACE" In her war against the Allies, Germany achieved great successes, but she has not yet achieved her principal objective- the termination of the war on terms which she considers desirable. On July 19 the German Chancellor again addressed England with an appeal to come to terms with regard to peace, but the British Govcrrment, as we know, rejected this proposal. Thc British Government interpreted this proposal as a demand for England's capitulation and stated in reply that they would continue the war until victory. This means that the Government of Great Britain do not wish to give up the colonies which Great Britain possesses in all parts of the globe and declare that they are prepared to continue the war for world supremacy, in spite of the fact that after the defeat of France and the entry of Italy into the war on the side of Germany this struggle involves considerably greater diffiulties for Great Britain. The first year of the war is drawing to a close but the end of the war is not yet in sight. It is more problematic that we are now on the eve of a new stage in the intensification of the war between Germany and Italy on the one side and England, assisted by the United States on the other. All thcse events have not caused a change in the foreign policy of the Union. True to her policy of peace and neutrality, the Sovict Union is not taking part in the war. Our relations with Germany, which underwent a turn nearly a year ago, remain entirely as they were laid down in the Soviet-German Agreement. This agreement, strictly observed by our Government. removed the possibility of friction in Soviet-German relations and has assured Germany a calm feeling of security in the East. Developments in Europe, far from reducing the strength of the Soviet-German Non-Aggression Pact, on the contrary emphasized the importance of its existence and further development.
BRITISH AMBASSADOR Referring to speculations in the foreign Press on the possibility of disagreement between the Soviet Union and Germany, NJ. Molotoff added:- These attempts have been exposed more than once by ourselves as well as by Germany and swept aside as worthless. We call only reiterate that in our opinion the good-neighbourly and friendly relations that have been established between the Soviet Union and Germany are not based on fortuitous considerations of a transient nature but on the fundamental State interests of both thc U.S.S.R. and Germany. It must also be noted that our relations with Italy have lately improved. An exchange of views with italy has revealed that there is every possibility for our countries to ensure mutual understanding in the sphere of foreign policy. As regards Soviet-British relations, no essential changes have lately occurred in them. It should be admitted that after all the hostile acts committed by Great Britain against the U.S.S.R. it was difficult to expect that Soviet- British relations would develop favourably. The appointment of Sir Stafford Cripps as Ambassador to the U.S.S.R. possibly does reflect a desire on the rart of Great Britain to improve relations with the Soviet Union.
RUMANIA AND BALTIC Referring to the " problems " whose successful solution" had expanded Soviet territory and multiplied the forces of the Union, M. Molotoff spoke of the cession of territory by Rumania, and said: - The frontiers of the Soviet Union have thus been advanced westward to the Danube, which, after the Volga, is the biggest river in Europe and one of the most important routes for commercial exchanges between a number of European nations. In general, our relations with Rumania should from now on take a perfectly normal course. The problem of the relations between the Soviet Union and the Baltic countries entered into a new stage when it was found that the mutual assistance pacts concluded with Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia did not lead as was expected to a rapprochement between Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia on the one hand and the Sovict Union on the other. The bourgeois groups who were governing Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia were incapable of applying honestly the mutual assistance pacts concluded with the Soviet Union. It became absolutely impossible to tolerate any longer such a state of affairs, especially in the conditions created by the present international situation.
The most important measure taken by the pro-Soviet-Governments created in Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia was the organization of free Parliamentary elections. The Diets of Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia. elected by a tiniversal, direct, equal, and secret vote, have already pronounced themselves unanimously for the establishment of the Soviet regime and the incorporation of Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia in the Union. This means that the Union will increase her population by 2,880,000 inhabitants of Lithuania, 1,950,000 of Latvia, and 1,120,000 of Estonia. Thus with the Bessarabian population and that of Northern Bukovina, the population of the Soviet Union will have increased by approximately 10,000,000. SOVIET MILLIONS If to this we add more than 13,000,000 in- habitants of the Western Ukraine and Western. White Russia, the increase in the population of the Soviet Union in the past year will exceed 23,000,000. It is worth mentioning that 19-20ths of that population formerly formed part of the U.S.S.R., but had been forcibly taken from it by the Westerm imperialist Powers when the U.S.S.R. was weak. The Union will now speak in the name of at least 193,000,000 people. The fact that henceforth the frontiers of the Soviet Union will be transferred to the Baltic Coast is of primary importance to our country. As a result we shall have ice-free ports on the Baltic Sea of which we had great need. The Finnish Government has accepted our Proposals for the demilitarization of the Aaland Islands, and for the establishment in these islands of a Soviet Consulate. The future development of Soviet-Finnish relations in a sense favourable to the two countries dcpends principally on Finland herself. Thus, if certain elements of Finnish Government circles do not cease their repressive anti-social actions, which are opposed to the consolidation of good neighbourly relations with the U.S.S.R., the relations between the U.S.S.R. and Finland may suffer accordingly. Our relations with the Scandinavian countries, Norway and Sweden, cannot depend on the situation which has been created. As regards Norway, nothing definite can be said at the moment in view of her particular situation. As regards Sweden, it must be recognized as a fact of particular importance that our two countries are interested in the development of economic and commercial relations.
AIRCRAFT OVER OILFIELD Regarding the Balkan countries, the fact of the establishment of diplomatic relations with Yugoslavia must be particularly emphasized. Our relations with Bulgaria may be considered normal. In our relations with Turkey, no essential change has occurred. It need only be said that the documents recently published in the German White Book throw a disagreeable light on certain aspects of the activities developed in Turkey. The explanations given afterwards by the French Ambassador to Turkey changed nothing of the nature of these documents. In this connexion I must say that early in April the Soviet Government made representations to Turkey concerning a foreign aeroplane coming from Turkish territory which flew over the region of Batum, where there are many oil refineries. At first Turkey denied that any aircraft whatever had emerged from Turkish territory. Later, however, Turkey promised to take measures against such flights in the future. As regards Iran, there is no new important event to report. However, speaking of Iran, too, it is impossible to pass over in silence another incontestable fact. Late in March the region of Baku received a visit from two foreign aeroplanes coming from the direction of Iran. The Iranian Government deemed it necessary to deny this fact. But in this case also the documents of the German White Book throw sufficient light on the incident in question. It must be observed that the repeated dispatch of these foreign reconnaissance aircraft could not aim at anything other but a complication of our relations with our neighbours. As regards Japan it may be said that recently our relations have tended towards normalization to a certain extent. It can be recognized that there are certain general indications of the desire on the part of Japan to improve her relations with the Soviet Union. I am not going to dwell upon our relations with the United States of America, if only for the reason that there is nothing good to be said in this matter. The fact- that the United States authorities are illegally withholding gold quite recently bought by our State bank from the banks of Lithuania, Latvia. and Estonia has provoked the most energetic protests on our part. We can only remind the United States Government, as well as the British Government, which adopted the same attitude, that they bear responsibility for these illegal acts. With regard to our relations with " great national China." who is fighting for her existence, they have retained a friendly and good-neighbourly character arising from the Sino-Soviet Pact of Non-Aggression.
IMPERIALIST APPETITES The changes which have taken place in Europe as a result of the great success of German arms cannot be considered as already promising a speedy liquidation of the war. The strengthening of one belligerent party and the weakening of the other has- produced serious repercussions not only in Europe but also in other parts of the world. Among the countries which have followed France in defeat are Belgium and Holland, whiclh have large colonial possessions which they can no longer defend with the same force as in the past. As a result the question of the distribution of colonies is becoming more and more acute. Imperialist appetites have been whetted not only in distant Japan but also in the United States, where there are quite a few covetous amateurs who are dissimulating their imperialist plans under the banner of anxiety " for the interests of the " Western Hemisphere." In these conditions, the Soviet Union must show its keen vigilance as regards its exterior secuirity and the strengthening of all its interior and exterior positions. In order to ensure new successes for the Soviet Union, we must always remember the words of Comrade Stalin, who said: " We must keep our entire people in a state of mobilization, ready to face the danger 'of military aggression, so that no hazards and no manocuvres of our enemies abroad can take us unawares." If we all remember this sacred duty, no cvent will take us unawares, and we shall achieve new and even more glorious successes for the Soviet Union.
The Times | August 8, 1940
SOVIET HOLD ON THE BALTIC ESTONIA TAKEN INTO THE FOLD
FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT MOSCOW, AUG. 7 The Soviet Supreme Council last night received Estonia into the Soviet Union. Latvia and Lithuania were incorporated at the two previous sittings, so that the shore of the Gulf of Finland and of the Baltic from Viborg to the German frontier has now officially become Soviet territory. After an interlude of 20 years, Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia have now returned to Russia as constituent Republics of the Soviet Union. In the spring of this year the Soviet Government found that the treaties with the Baltic States were insufficient from the standpoint of Soviet security in view of the alteration in the balance of power which had been brought -about by the European war, and in view of what the Soviet Government regarded as the equivocal foreign policy of the Baltic States Governments. After further negotiations in Moscow, the Soviet garrisons in all the' Baltic States were largely increased. The subsequent elections returned Parliaments which sent to Moscow the delegations that have been appearing this week before the Supreme Council with applications for incorporation in the U.S.S.R.
HIGH HOPES OF RUSSIA M. Molotoff, the Prime Minister and Foreign Minister, at the opening sitting of the Supreme Council explained the reasons for Soviet policy towards the Baltic States. The delegations gave reasons why Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia should join Soviet Russia. These were the same in each case-the overthrow of capitalists, landlords, and bourgeois regimes which wanted to involve the Baltic States in the war so that they might serve as springboards for the British imperialists to take action against the Soviet Union. The delegations stated that they expected that the aspirations of the workers, the peasants, and the intelligentsia for a higher standard of living would be gratified in Soviet Russia. As in the case of the Latvians and Lithuanians, the delegation from Estonia marched into St. Andrew's Hall at the Kremlin carrying banners, and also the application for admission contained in a handsomely bound volume. The delegates included an Army officer of high rank and three women. Having concluded the business of the Baltic States, the Council proceeded to the ratification of important labour and agricultural decrees issued in recent weeks.
The Times | August 7, 1940
ESTONIA JOINS SOVIET UNION Before a crowded session of the Supreme Soviet in Moscow yesterday Estonia (says Reuter) appealed for incorporation in Soviet Russia. The appeal was made by M. Lauretskis, Secretary of the Estonian Communist Partv, who referred to the "state of misery of Estonia under the bourgeoisie, whom t'he British put into power after the German occupation." He declared that only membership of the Soviet Union could guarantee Estonia's prosperity, peace, and independence. Estonia's application was unanimously granted by the Supreme Soviet (states Exchange) thus completing the incorporation of the thrce Baltic countries and Bessarabia and Bukovina with a combined population of about 10,000.000 into the U.S.S.R.
The Times | June 18, 1940
SOVIET FORCES MOVE IN LATVIA AND ESTONIA OCCUPIED MOLOTOFF'S ULTIMATUM
FROM OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT STOCKHOLM, JUNE 17 The occupation of Latvia and Estonia by Soviet troops, similar to that already carried 6ut in Lithuania, began last night. Large forces of mechanized infantry and artillery continue to pour into the three Republics. Some people estimate that half a million troops have already crossed the frontiers, but it is impossible to say with certainty. The operations against Latvia and Estonia began yesterday when a Note was handed by M. Molotoff to M. Kocins, the Latvian Minister, requiring an immediate change of Government and the free passage of troops to occupy the most important centres in Latvia, in order to guarantee the fulfilment of the mutual assistance pact signed last autumn with the Soviet Government. The Note alleged that Latvia and Estonia had violated the pact because they had not cancelled their previous military alliance, but had even cxtended it by including Lithuania and trying to include Finland. M. Molotoff handed the Estonian Minister a similar Note. In the course of yesterday the Latvian and Estonian Governments intimated their acceptance of the ultimatum, whereupon the entry of the Red troops began. In Kaunas there was announced a provisional list of the principal members of the new Lithuanian Government as follows:-M. Paleckis. Prime Minister and Minister of the Interior; M. Kreve-Mickevicius, Foreign Minister; General Litkauskas. Minister of Defence and Commander-in-Chief; M. Pakarklis, Minister of Justice; Ni. V'enclova, Minister of Education; M. Vidmantas, Minister of Communications; M. Mickyi. Minister of Agriculture. The Minister of Finance has not yet been appointed. Germany has informed the Soviet Government that President Smetona and some members of his Government have arrived in Germany and have been interned. SOVIET WARSHIPS AT RIGA According to dispatches from the Latvian capital (says Reuter), Soviet warships have entered the port of Riga and Soviet armoured cars and tanks have taken up positions in the city itself. The Governments of Latvia and Estonia have resigned.
The Times | July 25, 1940
Russia on the Baltic
The announcement at the week-end that the National Assemblies of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, convened for the purpose, have decided on the incorporation of their respective countries in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics has been received here with mixed feelings. The three Baltic States had enjoyed a full measure of the traditional British sympathy for small nations. In their fight for independence after the last War they received liberal British support. Their relations with Great Britain were always entirely cordial. The British market was the most reliable outlet for their products. Indeed it may have been -the virtual severance of trade relations between them and this country since the outbreak of war which finally convinced them of the hopelessness of their plight. Yet, whatever happens now, this experience of independence has not been wholly lost. Literally and, metaphorically, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania have "put them- " selves on the map." They have gained self-respect and, won the respect of others. They have secured a recognition for their languages and literatures which should not be impaired under the new regime. The sudden decision for reunion with Russia, unanimously and simultaneously taken in the three countries, was clearly the result of peremptory prompting from Moscow; and the United States Government has been logical and consistent in applying its doctrine of non-recognition. Yet personal sympathy for those who so gallantly upheld the national independence of these countries, and in particular for their Ministers in London, who have pro- tested against the decision, should not blind us to certain aspects of the situation which preclude hasty judgment. The case is on a widely different footing from that of Finland. These countries came into being at a period.which, in its enthusiasm for the panacea of national self-determination, seriously underestimated the difficulties inherent in the creation of tiny national units. Territories whose popula- tions were no larger than those of many modern cities were called on to maintain armies, navies, parliaments, diplomatic representatives abroad, and all the paraphernalia of a modern State. The burdens and the responsibilities were too great. It was a far cry from the Baltic to Great Britain, and a still farther one to the shores of the American continent. In the long run these small countries were com- pelled to look for protection to one of their great neighbours. In this issue their free choice would never have been in doubt. Throughout Latvia and Estonia the oppressive exactions of the Baltic barons were far more vividly remembered and keenly resented than the intrusion of the Russian official and Russian garrisons. Even if they had been tempted to turn to Germany for counsel or assistance, HITLER'S attitude would have rapidly disabused them. By the German-Soviet pact of last August HITLER not only conceded the Baltic States to STALIN but facilitated the transaction by the removal lock, stock, and barrel of the large and prosperous German community. What has happened was the product of HITLER's decision, however unwelcome this further extension of Russian power in the Baltic may now appear to the German General Staff. The unanimous vote for incorporation in Soviet Russia reflects, therefore, not merely pressure from Moscow but sincere recognition that this was a better alternative than absorption in the new Nazi Europe. Those Estonians, Latvians, and Lithuanians of the older generation who remember the black days of the past and who took part in the struggle for libera- tion can hardly avoid some feelings of bitterness and disappointment. But many of the younger generation, who knew none of these things, had become increasingly conscious of the limited outlook and restricted economic opportunities of life in a midget State; and they will accept the decision with greater resignation. The most difficult problem which confronts the new regime is probably that of land tenure. The last twenty years' have witnessed the growth of a strong tradition of peasant ownership and cooperative marketing. In Estonia and Latvia the standard of living and the level of education are far higher than among the peasants on whom collectivization has been imposed in other parts of the Soviet Union. It is reported that farms of less than seventy-five acres, which will include a large proportion of the peasant holdings, are to be exempt from nationalization. This is an act of wisdom which, if maintained, will do much to smooth the inevitable hardships of transition. It may be hoped that equal wisdom will be shown in discouraging the victimization of those associated with the national regimes of the past few years. The principal impulse to such victimization is likely to come not from Moscow but from local leaders of the Left who had suffered imprisonment and other disabilities under those regimes. The Soviet authorities will probably discover that they have nothing to gain from the prosecution of such vendettas.
The Times | June 19, 1940
SOVIET TROOPS IN BALTIC STATES OCCUPATION COMPLETED
FROM OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT STOCKHOLM, JUNE 18 Soviet troops yesterday and today reached all the chief centres of Latvia and Estonia, and although they continue to arrive the occupation may be considered as virtually completed. Armoured cars and tanks dominate the bridgeheads and chief crossroads in Riga, and units of the Red Fleet have entered the ports of Riga and Tallinn. New Governments in Latvia and Estonia have not yet been formed, but negotiations, with the presentation of candidates for approval, are proceeding with Soviet officials who have arrived in Riga and Tallinn. President Ulmanis, in a broadcast last night, told the Latvian people that he is remaining at his post and urged all to carry on their usual work. This has had a quietening effect. A curfew was ordered in Riga yesterday between 10 p.m. and 4 a.m., and shops selling alcohol and arms have been temporarily closed. The new Lithuanian Government has- ordered a far-reaching amnesty, freeing several hundred political prisoners, especiallv members of the Left Wing.
The Times | July 22, 1940
BALTIC STATES JOIN RUSSIA NEW SOVIET REPUBLICS
The three Baltic countries-Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia-yesterday decided to become Soviet Republics and to unite with Soviet Russia, according to the official German News Agency correspondents in Kaunas, Riga, and Tallinn (states Reuter). The newly elected National Assemblies of all three Baltic countries are said to have voted unanimously for this important change in their Constitutions. The following proposals are stated to have been placed before the Lithuanian Parliament:- (I) Acceptance of a new Constitution; (2) cooperation with the Soviet Union; (3) regulation of the land question; and (4) dispossession of the big banks, factories, and large enterprises. The diplomatic representatives of the Soviet Union, Germany, Italy, and Great Britain are said to have been present at this session of the Estonian Parliament, where a proposal was also adopted unanimously for the election of a Committee of Nine for the management of Estonia's political system.
The Times | July 13, 1940
OCCUPIED BALTIC STATES MOVING TOWARDS THE SOVIET SYSTEM
FROM OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT STOCKHOLM, JuLY 12 In Estonia,. Latvia, and Litlhuania this week there have been rapid developments in the direction of alignment with the Soviet system. Parliamentary elections in the three republics will take place during this weekend. Although the electoral methods are not exactly similar to those of the Soviet, they are, in important aspects, very much alike. The ballot will be secret and universal, but practically everywhere only one set of candidates will be allowed. Feeble attempts to nominate bourgeois or non- Socialist candidates have been quashed, and although the approved candidates are not all formally designated as Communists, they, in fact, are all Communists or semi-Communists. Order and relative tranquillity exist outwardly in the three States, but a considerable movement towards the Left is in progress beneath the surface. Numerous arrests continue to be made quietly in Lithuania, including those of ex-Ministers and high officials. On Wednesday M. Merkys, the former Prime Minister, reached Riga. with the intention, it is alleged, of flying to Stockholm, but he was discovered at the Riga aerodrome and arrested. Apparently the former dictator, M. Valdemaras, escaped and accepted Soviet citizenship. It is noteworthy that he -was one of the Soviet delegates representing the Ukraine over 20 years ago at the negotiation of the Brest-Litovsk Treaty with Germany, and it was only afterwards that he became identified with the new Lithuania. He is said to be now somewhere in the U.S.S.R. The Government of Lithuania have banned the teaching of religion in the schools and have already dismissed all religious teachers. The first collective farm has been sanctioned in Latvia. It does not follow exactly the Soviet model, being limited in its area to less than 500 acres and to a small number of participants. It is announced that collectiviza- tion will be on a voluntary basis-but that was the case in the U.S.S.R. M. Selter, the former Foreign Minister of Estonia, has been tried at Tallinn and condemned in, absentia. As the Estonian representative at Geneva, he was recalled a fortnight ago, but ignored the summons, and his whereabouts are at present unknown.
laupäev, 5. juuli 2008
Meenutisi ajaloost, inglise pressist/ something from past, from English press
mille taustal tundub kummaline Ilvese väide "who the fuck are the balts" (kes on need kuradi baltlased!!!), kui, nagu välja tuleb, sõdis Läti toonane välisminister Eesti poolel vabadussõjas/ and by reading this amazes the attitute of the present Estonian president Mr Ilves: "who the fuck are the Balts!" as, it appears former Latvian foreign minister fought in Estonian War of Independence.
Aga lugegem ise/ but read yourself (archives searched by Jerry Waters, Charleston, WV, USA):
The Times | July 16, 1926
(FROM OUR RIGA CORRESPONDENT.) Since the beginning of June much attention has been attracted throughout the Baltic States by the curious behavior of the Estonian Minister in Moscow, M. Birk, who refused to obey the instructions of his Government. Ignoring repeated orders to return to Estonia, M. Birk remained in possession of the Estonian Legation in Moscow until June 20, and then handed over the seals and papers to an official from Tallinn (Reval), announcing his intention to proceed to France without visiting Estonia. 3L. Birk however remained in Soviet Russia, and has now begun to defend himself in the Soviet Press and accuse the Estonian Government of being unfriendly towards Moscow. M. Birk even alleges that the Estonian authorities organized an attempt to assassinate him for having, as they thought, sold Estonian State secrets to the Soviet Government and for having been responsible for the recent trials in Soviet Russia of alleged Estonian spies, of whom the Bolshevists admit having shot about 20.
The Times | March 5, 1927
TO THE EDITOR OF THE TIMES. Sir,-The Republic of Estonia in the Baltic is among the most interesting of the new nations which have risen from the ruins of the Great War. Its people has preserved through centuries of hardship its language, its history its national traditions, and has maintained un- wavering attachment to high cultural ideals. Its university, which was founded in 1632 in Dorpat has achieved a high place among the great educational institutions of Europe. Its newly inaugurated Polytechnic is equipping itself for the teaching of-applied science. The University and Polytechnic together employ 300 professors and teachers, and are attended by 5,300 students. 'The elementary sabots have made; valiant efforts in face of post-war difficulties to meet the needs of the rural and town populations. The enthusiasm for education is equally manifest among all classes. Among the Estonians there is an affectionate regard for everything British, and English has been made the first compulsory language in Estonian schools. It is accepted by the Estonian educational authorities that know- ledge.of English is essential-to the economic development of their country, in view of the growing relations, both cultural and commercial, with English-speaking nations. The most serious drawback* to the rapid expansion;of.the knowledge of English is the scarcity of English reading matter ii the schools aid in the libraries. In our visits to Estonia' the great demand for books in English was borne in upon us everywhere, and we, therefore, venture, through your. courtesy, to invite your readers to send gifts of books for transmission 'to Estonia. There must be great numbers of persons who, having read a book, would wish it passed on to take its pl in spreading a knowledge of English in a foreign country.
The Times | October 6, 1944
FROM OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT TALLINN, Oct. 5.
GERMAN MASSACRE IN ESTONIA VICTIMS BURNED ON PYRES. Germans, on the eve of their flight from Estonia, burned the corpses of 3,000 Jews, Estonians, and Russians who had been shot by members of the Gestapo. The scene of the massacre was the village of Klooga, 20 miles from Tallinn, where one of the concentration camps in Estonia had been built for Jews from Vilna. During the last 12 months some 1,500 Jews had been employed there in conditions of great hardship. Food was scanty, and deaths from overstrain and exposure were a daily occurrence. On September 19, when they realized that the time for their departure was near, the Germans took steps to massacre all the inmates of the camp in addition to 800 Russians and 700 Estonians, including deserters from the German-raised Estonian army. When the Red Army reached Klooga six days later it found 85 survivors who had hidden in the roof of a building. It,was from these survivors and from Russian and Estonian members of the investigating committee that we today heard the account of the massacre. There were three places in the camp where evidence of the crime could be seen: outside the building where the survivors hid; the charred ruins of the building where about 800 are believed to have perished, and a ,field where nearly 2,000 were shot and their bodies burnt on pyres. About 600 women and 80 children are known to have been killed. Each pyre consisted of rows of pine logs which had been cut by the prisoners on the morning of their deaths. They were arranged in squares, in the middle of which was a flue. Above the first layer of logs fresh pine branches had been laid, and then another layer of logs. It was clear that the victims had been ordered to lie face downward, and were then shot through the back of the head. Other logs were then laid over the corpses, and further victims placed in position. The whole pyre was then'soaked in petrol and set on fire.
The Times | January 20, 1942
FROM OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT STOCKHOLM, JAN. 19 :
LEPERS' ESCAPE IN ESTONIA GERMAN CONCERN TYPHUS SPREADING IN OCCUPIED ZONE.
News from the Baltic States now records that an Estonian isolation camp for lepers (reputedly the only leprosy camp in central and eastern Europe) was destroyed during military operations, and that the lepers escaped and dispersed. The German authorities are now seeking the fugitives and are publishing warnings against the dangers of leprosy far afield, even in Poland. Typhus has become so prevalent that further very drastic measures have been prescribed for the occupied Ukrainian regions, Galicia, Poland, parts of Germany, and the Baltic States. For instance, in Lithuania all the churches have been ordered to close and church services forbidden. This ban applies to all other assemblies for amusement or instruction. The reports add that " weddings, baptisms, and funerals are allowed only in the open air at church doors, and may be attended only by the persons nearest concerned." The Lithuanian Catholic Archbishop has announced that the German authorities have now conceded that these services may be performed inside churches if outsiders are strictly excluded, and a police permit has to be obtained in advance. TYPHUS DANGERS The German authorities, after mobilizing Polish and Jewish doctors locally in several districts; have now ordered the registration on military lines of all Poles and Jews with medical and nursing experience throughout West Poland ready to combat epidemics in the spring, when typhus and other diseases become most widespread and dangerous. The Germans have announced the execution of a Pole who was collecting old clothes for the Army in Russia. The peasant was ordered to drive a load of clothing to a collecting centre and stole a fur waistcoat en route. One of the reports say that it was his own waistcoat, which the collectors had compelled him to contribute. He was sent to Lodz, where he was summarily shot. About 12 shootings after trial by special courts have been reported since the New Year for sabotage and armed resistance to authority. The chief places recorded are Lodz, Danzig, and Silesia. The Germans have published an official report of the executions after trial by these special tribunals in Danzig, Bydgoszcz, and Grudziondz during 1941 to the number of 80. Official reports from other parts of Poland are not available. In connection with the danger of British raids, German garrisons on the Norwegian coast have been withdrawn inland. and many have been stationed in the mountains since the latest raids, being thus, according to authoritative explanations, secure from the surprise which has hitherto contributed to the British successes. According to the Swedish Press, German soldiers arriving in Norway in a demoralized slate from the Russian fronts for rest express their admirahon of the Russian soldiers' winter exploits.
The Times | January 3, 1938
FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT RIGA, JAN. 2
NEW CONSTITUTION IN ESTONIA RETURN TO DEMOCRACY
The Estonian Government and various political organizations arranged an impressive torchlight procession in Tallinn on Friday evening, culminating at midnight in a speech by M. Paets, the acting State President. The celebrations were to mark the advent of the New Year and the introduction of the new Estonian Constitution which re-establishes the Parliamentary regime interrupted in 1934. The Constitution.a provides for government by a State President, elected for six years by direct, secret, and popular ballot, and for a Parliament composed of two Chambers. of which the first will consist of 80 members elected by direct, secret, and popular ballot on what is locally called the " English system " to distinguish it from proportional representation. The second Chamber, to be called the State Council, will have 40 members. who must be over 40 and will be elected by various public organizations and local government bodies. The qualifying age for 'male and female voters at all popular elections is 22. The President is to appoint all Cabinet Ministers. If the first Chamber passes a vote of no confidence, the Cabinet must resign, but the Chamber must also be dissolved and be re-elected. The first Parliament under the new regime will be elected next spring and the first State President in the autumn, pending which time M. Paets will act as provisional Head of the State. An atmosphere favorable to the introduction of the new Constitution was created a few days before Christmas by the release of Generals Larka and Toerv and 16 other " Fascists " who had been condemned to long terms of irnprisonment for attempted revolts. **' The new Estonian Constitution, which was approved in a popular referendum early in 1936 by 473,235 votes to 149,578, supersedes the system introduced on January 24, 1934. This provided for the election every five years of a President with the power of conducting internal and foreign policies, legislating by decree, drafting the Budget, dismissing Ministers, and dissolving the Diet.
The Times | October 17, 1939
FROM OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT RIGA, OCT. 16
RETURN OF GERMANS FROM ESTONIA AGREEMENT SIGNED
An agreement has been concluded in Tallinn between the German Minister and MI. Markus, hitherto Estonian Minister in Poland, marking progress towards the repatriation to the Reich of Estonian citizens of the German race. After its ratification the ships now waiting in the harbors will begin to embark these Germans. It is hoped to sign,.a similar agreement in Riga during the next few days for the repatriation of Germans from Latvia. In both countries there is little enthusiasm among the Germans at the prospect of removal to Poland. Large numbers are still wavering, and many who had decided to go have even changed their minds. The influencing factor is still the amount of credence placed in stories of the " Red menace." The Soviet warships now off Tallinn are commanded by Admiral Tributs, commander of the Baltic Red Fleet. An advance guard of a few hundred soldiers has landed and taken up quarters at Paldiski, one of the new Soviet naval bases near Tallinn. A batch of Soviet officers have also crossed the frontier near Narva, and more troops, believed to number 25,000 when all the garrisons are at full strength, are expected before the week-end. The Estonian precautions include a temporarily evacuated zone of 100 yards on each side of the road along which the troops will pass, and the prohibition of the sale of spirits in the neighborhood of the incoming Soviet troops. The Lithuanian and Soviet representatives in Kaunas to-day exchanged the ratification documents of last week's pact. and Lithuanian troops, who have already be- gun to occupy the Vilna territory as the Soviet troops gradually withdraw in conformity with the agreement, are hoping to enter the town of Vilna to-morrow. In Vilna and the neighborhood are a great number of refugees from all parts of Poland, many having flocked in recently, preferring Lithuanian citizenship to Soviet or German. It was semi-officially stated in Kaunas, however, that only those born or long domiciled in the territory, or there before November, 1918, can receive citizenship automatically. M. Charwat, Polish Minister in Lithuania, has arrived in Riga from Kaunas, intending to journey westwards via Stockholm, like his colleagues who have already left Riga and Tallinn.
The Times | June 9, 1939
From Our Warsaw Correspondent
BALTIC STATES AND PEACE A WELL-BALANCED NEUTRALITY THE GERMAN PACTS
Latvia and Estonia have reached a useful compromise with Germany in signing their pacts of non-aggression. The German Government required two separate bilateral pacts, but it was eventually agreed that the texts should be identical and signed simultaneously. The two Baltic States, therefore, have given the Reich two new bilateral agreements without them- selves departing from the cherished principle of solidarity in an independent outlook on the world. Born together during the disintegration of Russia 20 years ago, Latvia and Estonia fought side by side for the right to live. In the earliest days their forces were often curiously intermingled: Estonians fought on Latvian soil. and the present Foreign Minister of Latvia was among those of his nation who fought for a time in the army of Estonia against the common enemy. Estonia is slightly the senior of these twin republics. Great Britain recognized her de facto existence on May 3, 1918, and did the same for Latvia ill the following November. Complicated fighting, however, continued for another two years, now against invading Reds, now against remnants of the old German Army -for the Germans had occupied a great part of the Baltic States, and the Kaiser had personally come to Riga. Soviet Russia signed peace with Estonia on February 2, 1920, and with Latvia on August 11. Apart from Brest Litovsk, these were the first peace treaties of the Soviet Government. They have remained the basis of relations ever since. The independence and frontiers then officially recognized have never been threatened, and a few attempts at internal Communist revolt have been frustrated with ease. By the early thirties both Republics were growing tired of their Parliamentary system. which in the hands of inexperienced leaders of many parties had lost its initial inspiration and was developing unhealthy centers of endless debate and bargaining, which not merely deprived the Governments of stability and singleness of purpose but even threatened- the Republics with serious internal strife. In both countries the leaders of the original struggle for independence resolutely took the lead again. After years of strenuous reorganization and reform they have produced their own systems of legislation and administration, different in the two Republics, and different in many respects from the systems of other' countries, but containing Parliamentary elements as well as some of a moderate authoritarian character. NO ENEMIES: Latvia and Estonia appear to have no enemy in the world; they are certainly themselves enemies to none, being concerned only with developing their own meager natural resources, sending their fishing and merchant ships out on the high seas, and fostering peaceful inter- course with and among their neighbors. The last concern is the most important, being the vital condition of the two countries' existence. June December, 1936, The Times described them as lying on the axis of European peace, forming with Poland and Rumania the barrier between Germany and Russia. The conscious- ness of this has been ever present in the minds of Baltic statesmen. It has always dictated their foreign policy, which is to have good neighborly relations with Russia and Germany, giving neither any advantage which might reasonably annoy the other. Even in the early years, when Germany appeared to be more distant from the Baltic States than she is to- day, no 'exclusive advantages were given to Russia. Experiments were made to establish closer economic relations, but no political entanglements were at any time considered. Last year the two countries declared their strict neutrality. This would give them their one chance, small as it might be, in case of war. Voluntarily to side with Germany has never been seriously considered, for that would precipitate the forces of Russia towards the coast and the Baltic countries would inevitably become a battlefield and be destroyed, whichever way might go the fortunes of war. To side with Russia would mean admitting Russian forces to help defend the coastline, with its valuable seaports of Tallinn, Riga, Ventspils, and Liepaja, with the risk of being absorbed in Russia. But when Germany proposed to conclude non-aggression pacts there was little or no hesitation. They might have some protective value, and could not reasonably do any harm, whereas to refuse would inevitably provoke the charge of siding with Russia. Several pacts of similar character had already been concluded with Russia, and this additional one with Germany would be, theoretically at least, an additional insurance of neutrality. THE RUSSIAN PROPOSAL The Soviet proposal to guarantee assistance for the Baltic States in case they were attacked was considered as inconsistent with the policy of neutrality, because it would be interpreted by Germany as adhesion to the "peace front,"' which Germany chooses to call "encirclement." The Baltic States would raise no objection if Britain, France, and Russia undertook to assist any States-not specifically the Baltic States- if they became victims of aggression and asked for help; but they regard the Soviet Government's proposed guarantees as provocatively specific and as suggesting that- the safety of the Baltic States is only a pretext of Soviet policy which seeks some advantage inconsistent with their interests. The Soviet Union professes to fear that German forces might land in Latvia or Estonia and thence attack Russia, but during the.last three years the Red Army has constructed a " Soviet Maginot Line," claim as irnpregnaible,'-all *along- the frontier, - which Was formerly not fortified at all. . The term "Baltic States" includes'.also Lithuania, the third small Republic com- posing the " Baltic Entente.". The Lithuanians are of the same -Indo-European blood as the Latvians, while the Estonians are/of the same stock as the Finns. Unlike Estonia and 'Latvia, ' Lithuania - has- a common land border with Germany. With Russia,-on the other-hand, she has none, and is therefore not included in the Soviet guarantee proposals. While Estonia and Latvia have had no quarrel with any neighbor during their 20 years' existence; Lithuania has been less fortunate, having until recently been at enmity with Poland over Vilna and with Germany over Memel. Estonia and Latvia formed their alliance early in the twenties, but these quarrels kept Lithuania from joining them until 1934, when the triple Baltic Entente was formed. The Lithuanian disputes over Vilna and Memel. were expressly excluded from the scope of this entente, which is why Lithuania stood alone when a settlement of these questions was forced on her. But there are no further " specific questions" of this nature, and the three republics are now bound by their entente to present a common front to the outside world. Lithuania was absent, however, from the recent signing of non-aggression pacts in Berlin, as her pact had already been included in the agreement with Germany for the cession of Memel concluded last March. All three republics have announced individually and collectively that they will remain neutral in case their neighbors be at war, and that they will fight only in defense of their own independence. Together they will fight the State which violates their neutrality first, but they will not in advance say whether they will accept outside help, for they consider that any such hypothetical arrangement would be inconsistent with the strict neutrality for which they stand. FORMIDABLE ARMIES Singly the Baltic States could not offer much assistance to either Germany- or Russia, but their united forces would have to be taken into serious account by any army which had its main forces heavily engaged in another direction Their combined population is about 5,500,000 (Estonia 1,131,000, Latvia 2,000,000, Lithuania 2,400,000), with standing armies of 6,000(12.000,25.000, and 23,000). Universal compulsory service is the 'system throughout the area, and the armies could rapidly be expanded to a force of 500,000 men. The armies are well trained, and many of the officers have received supplementary experience abroad; and well-organized auxiliary organizations could almost immediately convert the three republics into three nations in arms. The human material is excellent. The older reserves include many who in their teens fought side by side with their fathers and grandfathers during the war which gave them their independence 20 years ago. They have since received their own plots of land and established their homes there. If these homes be invaded or threatened their owners will fight at least as well as they and their grandfathers did when they had no land of their own to defend, with the advantage that today they are well clothed, well shod, trained, and equipped. The three Presidents today-M. Konstantin Paits of Estonia, Dr. Karlis-Ulmanis of Latvia, and Colonel Antanas $metgna of-Lithuania-who have steered their.republics-through the recent period .of-constitutional reform are the same men:who-led their--nations into -the first stage of independence 20 years ago.
The Times | May 30, 1980
Michael Simy On ESTONIAN DIARY
Tallinn as my favorite city in the Soviet Union, As the train from Moscow draws.in- past the Gothic spires and ancient walls, of the medieval city you feel you-are coring to a different world- gentler, cleaner, quieter, more friendly than ;the harsh, hurried,: political atmosphere of the Soviet capital. Tallinn-literally Danish-Town is `one of the most perfectly preserved Hanseatic cities of northern Europe. And as it sheds the wooden scaffolding which has shrouded. almost every ancient structure for the past two years while craftsmen, plasterers and painters have been at work, a strikingly beautiful ensemble' of red tiled roofs, twisting cob:bled streets and painted facades emerges to dazzle the tourist. A 14m facelift has repaired years of drabness and{ neglect to get the Estonian capital into shape for the Olympic yachting regatta. Tallinn, or Revel as it used to be called, is the small capital of the smallest Soviet republic: The city has less than half a million inhabitants and Estonia, roughly the size of Belgium, has only 1,400,000 people. With an extremely low 'birthrate, there are fears- that the Estonians, now only 64 per cent of the republic's population, may soon be unable to resist gradual russification as immigrants from- other parts of the country. come to fill the highly paid vacancies in the most efficient and developed economy in all the USSR. But the Estonians have long struggled successfully to preserve their rich national culture, though they have always been at the mercy of their powerful neighbors - Russia, Germany, Sweden, Poland. Like the other Baltic republics, Estonia, flat, sparse and stony, has been a battlefield through- out history. In 700 years they have known only 20 years of fleeting, sparkling, deeply mourned independence, from 1920 till 1940.
The Estonians are part of the Finno-Ugrian peoples who swept across from Mongolia. They have broad, fair faces, a language that is rhythmic and impossibly inflected and a close kinship to the Finns. Tallinn is just across the Gulf of Finland from Helsinki. After the incorporation of Estonia into the Soviet Union all links with Finland were cut. But now things are easing up. A regular ferry brings hundreds of Finnish tourists over every weekend. Most come on vodka binges and spend two days in perpetual intoxication In the elegant Viru hotel. They sell their jeans, shirts and any. thing else they bring to finance their drinking, which goes on until they are rounded up by the police on Sunday evening and dupnped back on the boat home. .. A Finn recently explained this unfortunate image of the drunken Finn in Estonia stems partly from deep-seated social attitudes. Throughout history the Estonians were the wealthier, more cultured, more developed people while the Finns scratched a living across the Gulf. Since 1940 the situation has been reversed. But some Finns still need to show off their new riches, to flaunt his freedom in bad behaviour. Links with Finland are not simply alcoholic. All Tallinn watches Finnish television, which can easily be received with the help of a small, cheap adapter fixed to the set. It came as quite a shock when a tourist guide told me how much she enjoyed The Onedin Line and BBC television comedies exported to Finland. To Russians going to Tallinn it seems as though the western way of life has already arrived. " It's our little piece of the West ", a Russian once remarked. "The shops are better stocked, there are good cafes and restaurants, people seem better dressed, the radio broad- casts western pop music.
Above all, things seem to work in Estonia" There is a greater sense of initiative and responsibility. Private housing was permitted for many years after the war sand some elegant leafy suburbs grew up on the outskirts of the old city. Russian tourists can be seen everywhere in Tallinn. They come to buy up everything they can see in the shops, which causes some local resentment Mr V. I. Klauson, the Estonian Prime Minister, admitted at a recent press conference that Soviet tourists tend to buy clothes, shoes, meat, milk and so on but added disarmingly: " Some people prefer practical things to souvenirs. Perhaps they don't appreciate some of the same things they have at home ". The Estonians are fiercely nationalists, bunt it would be a mistake to suggest there is any real opposition to the Russian presence. Instead they show only a strongly felt attachment to their own language and culture and refuse to speak Russian.
Of all republics, Estonia is the only one where statistics show that knowledge of Russian now is more limited than it was in the last census 10 years ago. It is the only place where I have found it a positive advantage to stumble and halt in Russian (though it is surprising bow much of the language people will speak if they know you are a foreigner). I once told a Russia how much I liked Estonia. "Ah ", he smiled, " now I can see you are anti-Soviet". One great manifestation of Estonian culture is the national song festival that takes place every five years. It draws singers from all corners of the republic to Tallinn, where 20,000 people stand and sing national songs to an audience of up to 200,000. It is an emotional occasion, a national rededication of the people to their country. This year the festival will take- place just before the Olympics. As the centre for the singing competition, Tallinn will play an important part in this very different Soviet festival. The preparations have been typically thorough and tasteful. A new yachting center has been built 'just around the bay from Tallinn, complete. with a top class hotel and sports complex. '' Yachting is not a sport that most ordinary Russians- can afford, and the fleet, of smart sailing boats now moored in the new Olympic harbour made me wonder if the bourgeoisij, had taken over. In fact enthusiasts club together to buy boats, which belong to sports federations and factories. . The Olympic yachting centre will include every conceivable facility for both competition and press. It was tried out last year at the annual Baltic regatta and was found by those who took part to be well organized. The Olympic organizers "boast that the press will be able to watch the events on closed circuit television only a few feet from the speciaI bar. They Will have a battery of telex machines at handThe Times | January 18, 1933
THREE BALTIC STATES OPENINGS FOR BRITAIN
Imperial and Foreign By Alfred C. Bossom, M.P.
A visit to Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia has convinced me that the Treaty of Versailles did well in bringing these States into being. Though once they formed part of the Russian Empire they preserved their own characteristics, their own tongues, and their own faiths. They have emerged from the upheavals of the War, and of the Peace, with their respective individualities not merely intact but deepened by the tribulations that preceded and accompanied and pursued their birth as independent States. The courses of the three Republics ran nearly parallel during the first few years of their independence. Each had been largely under the local domination of the Baltic barons, a group of German aristocrats who had possession of the best land and treated the natives as serfs. During the War the barons were driven out; after the War their estates were redistributed; and three nations of small- holders, financed by land banks, came into existence. Most of the peoples of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania thus live on their own farms, and for the necessities of life are largely self-supporting. For luxuries they must rely upon the products of foreign trade. This they are anxious to do, and of all countries Great Britain is the one with which they are most eager to carry on business. At present, while England is probably their best customer, German is the tongue which is most generally understood throughout the three Republics. They would gladly make English their second language; and the excellence of their school systems is such that, with the right kind of encouragement from us, a closer linguistic link might well be forged. The influence of centuries of German domination is not to be uprooted at once, and German industrialists are leaving nothing undone to secure for themselves the economic control of the three States. MARKET.; FOR BRITISH GOODS
This is a fate that the peoples of all three Republics unanimously dread. They would rather look to Great Britain for the coal, the machinery, the electrical equipment, and so on that their development will require. At present they sell to us about five times as much as they buy from us. It is not altogether their fault if their purchascs are not greater. There is a stable and an expanding market for British goods in these Baltic States if we have the energy and the adaptability to seize it. One of the first things done by each of the new-born Republics was to devise a complete educational system. Illiteracy today among the younger people is practically unknown, and the schools in each State have proved a powerful instrument in knitting the people together and giving them a new sense of nationhood. Possibly the scholastic pace has been a little too hot. At any rate the difficulties of providing a scheme of education that will not be too costly and will not gradually alienate the pupils from the agricultural life for which most of them are destined are proving as formidable in Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia as anywhere in the world. There are only, for instance, I.900,000 people in Latvia; yet the University at Riga-a University that is unique in deriving much of its endowmcnt from an hotel-is daily attended by 9,000 students. THE RIGA LOAN It would be difficult to name a small country that has handled its post-War problems with more public spirit than Lithuania, one of the few countries in the world that are paying their way. The cost of its official services is about one-half of the cost per capita of similar services in the neighbouring State of Latvia. The Lithuanians have organized the business of agriculture with consummate success, and their stockyards and sugar refineries are exemplary. But they badly need more and better roads, and there seems no reason why British contractors should not be building them. At every factory I visited where British coal was being used the fact was pointed out with genuine pride. Latvia suffered during the War as much relatively as any of the belligerent lands. Not less zealous than her southern neighbours in hastening on the work of reconstruction, she has not been so prudent in matters of finance. The possession of Riga, with a population of about 400,000-about 200,000 less than in the days of pre-War prosperify-is more of a liability than an asset. Latvian credit abroad, and particularly in Great Britain, is still impaired by her failure to adjust the Riga loan, a loan made to the city just before the War when it was still in Russian ownership. The leading men of the city have worked out a system of exchange with France and Germany that has proved a great aid to business. They will gladly do the same with us when the Riga loan difficulty has been removed, and we can then build up an export trade commensurate with what we are paying for their butter, bacon, and timber. Living in Riga is cheap and the local method of food supply and distribution is the most ingenious and economical I have encountered. Out of the aeroplane and airship hangars erected by the Germans the Latvians have constructed covered markets, divided into hundreds of little shops, each with a 10ft. front and l0ft. deep. The river runs by the market, and the scene at 6 o'clock on a Saturday morning, when the farmers bring in their produce by boat and the chaffer- ing with the shopkeepers begins, is Covent Garden in its bustle and Venice in its setting. All the fish are kept in tanks and sold alive. The housewife picks out the one she wants, it is taken out in a net, and carried home fresh from its native element. They need our coal and machinery in Latvia. It is. a country of small orders, but not so small as not to be worth consideration. When the credit situation is disentangled many profitable businesses await our manufacturers if they will send out the men who will look into the country's requirements, speak some language that the people can understand, and make friends with them. The feeling in Latvia towards Britain is cordial and the desire for closer business and cultural relations is universal. Of the three new Baltic States Estonia is the most historic and its capital, Tallinn (formerly Reval), a completely walled city like Carcassonne, red-roofed and wave-washed, is the most striking city of the Baltic. The Estonians are practical people and they have given an eminently practical turn to their educational system, especially to their girls' schools, where dressmaking on a profit-sharing basis forms part of the curriculum. They are careful spenders and they are building up a prosperous country and a fleet with which to trade with the outer world. Here again I found the utmost friendliness towards England and a desire to make English the second language. These three Baltic Republics deserve our support and our interest, for cultural and political as well as commercial reasons. There is not a Bolshevist among them. Any doubt about them is not due to their seemingly precarious position as buffer States, but to the apprehension that in forming themselves into three separate Governments they may have shouldered a greater burden of overhead expenses than they will be able to carry. The entire British Empire is represented in all three countries by one Minister, whose residence is in Riga. But all three countries maintain separate and fully equipped Legations in London. The Latvian trade delegation, consisting of M. Kacen, director of the Trade Department, and M. Ekis, director of the Foreign Ministry's Western Department, arrived in London on Tuesday evening and yesterday visited the Board of Trade. The delegation are empowered to negotiate with the British Government for a new Anglo-Latvian trade agreement.
The Times | June 24, 1941
BALTIC "REVOLTS"
Reports received in Stockholm last night from Berlin inferred that Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia were in revolt against Russia. Soviet quarters in Stockholm admitted unrest in the Baltic States, but claimed that a revolt in Estonia had been crushed. A broadcast from Lithuania picked up in Stockholm said that Lithuania had pro- claimed herself a free and independent State, while another report from Helsinki, received in Stockholm, declared that the Lithuanian flag had been hoisted on official buildings in Kaunas, the capital. These reports were denied by the Russian official news agency, which stated that complete calm reigned in the city, and thousands were volunteering to fight against the Germans.
The Times | September 29, 1939
RIBBENTROP'S MISSION TO MOSCOW STALIN'S PART IN PROLONGED DISCUSSIONS POLAND AS THE MAIN ISSUE COMMONS DEBATE ON WAR BUDGET
Talks between the German Foreign Minister and M. Stalin and M. Molotoff continued yesterday. It is believed in Moscow that the communiqué on the talks, when it is issued, will refer only to Poland. The Foreign Relations Committee of the American Senate yesterday approved the Neutrality Bill permitting the sale of arms to belligerents. Approval was given by 16 votes to seven. The House of Commons showed, in its first debate on the War Budget, confidence in the firm resolve of the nation to bear its burdens with fortitude, coupled with a strong demand for the prevention of waste. SOVIET-GERMAN TALKS KREMLIN DINNER From Our Own Correspondent MOSCOW, SEPT. 28 The conversations between M. Molotoff and Ribbentrop continued to-day. M1. Stalin was probably present. The results are not yet known, but it is hinted in usually well-informed quarters that the communiqué, when it is forthcoming, will refer only to Polish affairs. The Turkish Foreign Minister is re- ported to have had a free day, which he devoted to a visit to the agricultural exhibition and sight-seeing.
The Estonian Foreign Minister, M. Selter, is still here. It is believed that he saw M. Molotoff last night and awaits a further communication from the Kremlin. Soviet relations with Estonia have been further complicated by a second alleged attack against a Soviet steamer by an unknown submarine in Narva Bay. The steamer is said to have been torpedoed but to have run ashore to prevent sinking. FOUR-HOUR TALKS Ribbentrop's first conversation with M. Molotoff began at 1I p.m. yesterday and ended at 3.30 a.m. to-dav. M. Stalin was present, and also Count von der Schulenburg, the German Ambassador in Moscow, and M. Schvartseff, the Soviet Ambassador in Berlin. The German Foreign Minister returned to the Kremlin at 2 p.m. for discussions lasting until six o'clock. M. Mlolotoff had arranged to give an official dinner for the German delegation at five o'clock, but the conversations lasted longer than had been expected, and the dinner started one hour late. All parties concerned in the Moscow conversations are maintaining most complete reserve. The Soviet Press contained nothing beyond the announcement that Ribbentrop was here by invitation of the Soviet Government to discuss the question of Poland. This could naturally embrace the question of common defense of Soviet and German territorial gains against third parties, in addition to the final partition of Poland. But if a military alliance is under discussion it is thought curious that the German delegation does not include any representatives of the High Command. Turkish representatives have not yet been associated with the German-Soviet talks. and their Foreign Minister, M. Sarajoglu, does not expect to see Mr. Molotoff until Ribbentrop has left, probably tomorrow.
FATE OF ESTONIA The Estonians meanwhile are keeping themselves inzcommzitunlicado. It is rumoured today that the torpedoing incidents by submarines, alleged to have been operating off the Estonian coast, will lead to a Soviet-Estonian military alliance, which would permit the Russian Navy to keep watch over Estonian waters and to fortify the islands guarding the entrance of the Gulf of Finland; these incidentally dominate the Gulf of Riga. Directly or indirectly, such an alliance would naturally have important internal and political con- sequences for the Baltic States. The revival of Soviet interest in the Balkans since the occupation of Poland is marked not only by the presence of the Turkish Foreign Minister in Moscow but through the appointment of a new Minister in Bulgaria. The diplomatist chosen, M. Laventrieff, is Director of the East European Department of the Foreign Office. A Bulgarian officer, Colonel Boydeff, described as chief of the Bulgarian Civil Aviation, has arrived in Moscow, ostensibly to arrange the opening of an air line between Moscow and Sofia. MIDNIGHT MEETING The Soviet-German talks (says Reuter) were resumed at the Kremlin soon after midnight. At the official dinner last night M. Stalin and M. Voroshiloff, as well as M. Potemkin, the Deputy Commissar for Foreign Affairs, were present. A mutual desire for the further intensification and development of political and economic relations between the two countries is stated to have been ex- pressed in speeches during the dinner. Afterwards Ribbentrop attended a ballet performance at the Opera House. A Moscow message adds:-Among Ribbentrop's hosts were two Jews-Lazar Kaganovich, Comrnissar for Heavy Industry, and Abraham Lozovsky.
Aga lugegem ise/ but read yourself (archives searched by Jerry Waters, Charleston, WV, USA):
The Times | July 16, 1926
(FROM OUR RIGA CORRESPONDENT.) Since the beginning of June much attention has been attracted throughout the Baltic States by the curious behavior of the Estonian Minister in Moscow, M. Birk, who refused to obey the instructions of his Government. Ignoring repeated orders to return to Estonia, M. Birk remained in possession of the Estonian Legation in Moscow until June 20, and then handed over the seals and papers to an official from Tallinn (Reval), announcing his intention to proceed to France without visiting Estonia. 3L. Birk however remained in Soviet Russia, and has now begun to defend himself in the Soviet Press and accuse the Estonian Government of being unfriendly towards Moscow. M. Birk even alleges that the Estonian authorities organized an attempt to assassinate him for having, as they thought, sold Estonian State secrets to the Soviet Government and for having been responsible for the recent trials in Soviet Russia of alleged Estonian spies, of whom the Bolshevists admit having shot about 20.
The Times | March 5, 1927
TO THE EDITOR OF THE TIMES. Sir,-The Republic of Estonia in the Baltic is among the most interesting of the new nations which have risen from the ruins of the Great War. Its people has preserved through centuries of hardship its language, its history its national traditions, and has maintained un- wavering attachment to high cultural ideals. Its university, which was founded in 1632 in Dorpat has achieved a high place among the great educational institutions of Europe. Its newly inaugurated Polytechnic is equipping itself for the teaching of-applied science. The University and Polytechnic together employ 300 professors and teachers, and are attended by 5,300 students. 'The elementary sabots have made; valiant efforts in face of post-war difficulties to meet the needs of the rural and town populations. The enthusiasm for education is equally manifest among all classes. Among the Estonians there is an affectionate regard for everything British, and English has been made the first compulsory language in Estonian schools. It is accepted by the Estonian educational authorities that know- ledge.of English is essential-to the economic development of their country, in view of the growing relations, both cultural and commercial, with English-speaking nations. The most serious drawback* to the rapid expansion;of.the knowledge of English is the scarcity of English reading matter ii the schools aid in the libraries. In our visits to Estonia' the great demand for books in English was borne in upon us everywhere, and we, therefore, venture, through your. courtesy, to invite your readers to send gifts of books for transmission 'to Estonia. There must be great numbers of persons who, having read a book, would wish it passed on to take its pl in spreading a knowledge of English in a foreign country.
The Times | October 6, 1944
FROM OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT TALLINN, Oct. 5.
GERMAN MASSACRE IN ESTONIA VICTIMS BURNED ON PYRES. Germans, on the eve of their flight from Estonia, burned the corpses of 3,000 Jews, Estonians, and Russians who had been shot by members of the Gestapo. The scene of the massacre was the village of Klooga, 20 miles from Tallinn, where one of the concentration camps in Estonia had been built for Jews from Vilna. During the last 12 months some 1,500 Jews had been employed there in conditions of great hardship. Food was scanty, and deaths from overstrain and exposure were a daily occurrence. On September 19, when they realized that the time for their departure was near, the Germans took steps to massacre all the inmates of the camp in addition to 800 Russians and 700 Estonians, including deserters from the German-raised Estonian army. When the Red Army reached Klooga six days later it found 85 survivors who had hidden in the roof of a building. It,was from these survivors and from Russian and Estonian members of the investigating committee that we today heard the account of the massacre. There were three places in the camp where evidence of the crime could be seen: outside the building where the survivors hid; the charred ruins of the building where about 800 are believed to have perished, and a ,field where nearly 2,000 were shot and their bodies burnt on pyres. About 600 women and 80 children are known to have been killed. Each pyre consisted of rows of pine logs which had been cut by the prisoners on the morning of their deaths. They were arranged in squares, in the middle of which was a flue. Above the first layer of logs fresh pine branches had been laid, and then another layer of logs. It was clear that the victims had been ordered to lie face downward, and were then shot through the back of the head. Other logs were then laid over the corpses, and further victims placed in position. The whole pyre was then'soaked in petrol and set on fire.
The Times | January 20, 1942
FROM OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT STOCKHOLM, JAN. 19 :
LEPERS' ESCAPE IN ESTONIA GERMAN CONCERN TYPHUS SPREADING IN OCCUPIED ZONE.
News from the Baltic States now records that an Estonian isolation camp for lepers (reputedly the only leprosy camp in central and eastern Europe) was destroyed during military operations, and that the lepers escaped and dispersed. The German authorities are now seeking the fugitives and are publishing warnings against the dangers of leprosy far afield, even in Poland. Typhus has become so prevalent that further very drastic measures have been prescribed for the occupied Ukrainian regions, Galicia, Poland, parts of Germany, and the Baltic States. For instance, in Lithuania all the churches have been ordered to close and church services forbidden. This ban applies to all other assemblies for amusement or instruction. The reports add that " weddings, baptisms, and funerals are allowed only in the open air at church doors, and may be attended only by the persons nearest concerned." The Lithuanian Catholic Archbishop has announced that the German authorities have now conceded that these services may be performed inside churches if outsiders are strictly excluded, and a police permit has to be obtained in advance. TYPHUS DANGERS The German authorities, after mobilizing Polish and Jewish doctors locally in several districts; have now ordered the registration on military lines of all Poles and Jews with medical and nursing experience throughout West Poland ready to combat epidemics in the spring, when typhus and other diseases become most widespread and dangerous. The Germans have announced the execution of a Pole who was collecting old clothes for the Army in Russia. The peasant was ordered to drive a load of clothing to a collecting centre and stole a fur waistcoat en route. One of the reports say that it was his own waistcoat, which the collectors had compelled him to contribute. He was sent to Lodz, where he was summarily shot. About 12 shootings after trial by special courts have been reported since the New Year for sabotage and armed resistance to authority. The chief places recorded are Lodz, Danzig, and Silesia. The Germans have published an official report of the executions after trial by these special tribunals in Danzig, Bydgoszcz, and Grudziondz during 1941 to the number of 80. Official reports from other parts of Poland are not available. In connection with the danger of British raids, German garrisons on the Norwegian coast have been withdrawn inland. and many have been stationed in the mountains since the latest raids, being thus, according to authoritative explanations, secure from the surprise which has hitherto contributed to the British successes. According to the Swedish Press, German soldiers arriving in Norway in a demoralized slate from the Russian fronts for rest express their admirahon of the Russian soldiers' winter exploits.
The Times | January 3, 1938
FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT RIGA, JAN. 2
NEW CONSTITUTION IN ESTONIA RETURN TO DEMOCRACY
The Estonian Government and various political organizations arranged an impressive torchlight procession in Tallinn on Friday evening, culminating at midnight in a speech by M. Paets, the acting State President. The celebrations were to mark the advent of the New Year and the introduction of the new Estonian Constitution which re-establishes the Parliamentary regime interrupted in 1934. The Constitution.a provides for government by a State President, elected for six years by direct, secret, and popular ballot, and for a Parliament composed of two Chambers. of which the first will consist of 80 members elected by direct, secret, and popular ballot on what is locally called the " English system " to distinguish it from proportional representation. The second Chamber, to be called the State Council, will have 40 members. who must be over 40 and will be elected by various public organizations and local government bodies. The qualifying age for 'male and female voters at all popular elections is 22. The President is to appoint all Cabinet Ministers. If the first Chamber passes a vote of no confidence, the Cabinet must resign, but the Chamber must also be dissolved and be re-elected. The first Parliament under the new regime will be elected next spring and the first State President in the autumn, pending which time M. Paets will act as provisional Head of the State. An atmosphere favorable to the introduction of the new Constitution was created a few days before Christmas by the release of Generals Larka and Toerv and 16 other " Fascists " who had been condemned to long terms of irnprisonment for attempted revolts. **' The new Estonian Constitution, which was approved in a popular referendum early in 1936 by 473,235 votes to 149,578, supersedes the system introduced on January 24, 1934. This provided for the election every five years of a President with the power of conducting internal and foreign policies, legislating by decree, drafting the Budget, dismissing Ministers, and dissolving the Diet.
The Times | October 17, 1939
FROM OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT RIGA, OCT. 16
RETURN OF GERMANS FROM ESTONIA AGREEMENT SIGNED
An agreement has been concluded in Tallinn between the German Minister and MI. Markus, hitherto Estonian Minister in Poland, marking progress towards the repatriation to the Reich of Estonian citizens of the German race. After its ratification the ships now waiting in the harbors will begin to embark these Germans. It is hoped to sign,.a similar agreement in Riga during the next few days for the repatriation of Germans from Latvia. In both countries there is little enthusiasm among the Germans at the prospect of removal to Poland. Large numbers are still wavering, and many who had decided to go have even changed their minds. The influencing factor is still the amount of credence placed in stories of the " Red menace." The Soviet warships now off Tallinn are commanded by Admiral Tributs, commander of the Baltic Red Fleet. An advance guard of a few hundred soldiers has landed and taken up quarters at Paldiski, one of the new Soviet naval bases near Tallinn. A batch of Soviet officers have also crossed the frontier near Narva, and more troops, believed to number 25,000 when all the garrisons are at full strength, are expected before the week-end. The Estonian precautions include a temporarily evacuated zone of 100 yards on each side of the road along which the troops will pass, and the prohibition of the sale of spirits in the neighborhood of the incoming Soviet troops. The Lithuanian and Soviet representatives in Kaunas to-day exchanged the ratification documents of last week's pact. and Lithuanian troops, who have already be- gun to occupy the Vilna territory as the Soviet troops gradually withdraw in conformity with the agreement, are hoping to enter the town of Vilna to-morrow. In Vilna and the neighborhood are a great number of refugees from all parts of Poland, many having flocked in recently, preferring Lithuanian citizenship to Soviet or German. It was semi-officially stated in Kaunas, however, that only those born or long domiciled in the territory, or there before November, 1918, can receive citizenship automatically. M. Charwat, Polish Minister in Lithuania, has arrived in Riga from Kaunas, intending to journey westwards via Stockholm, like his colleagues who have already left Riga and Tallinn.
The Times | June 9, 1939
From Our Warsaw Correspondent
BALTIC STATES AND PEACE A WELL-BALANCED NEUTRALITY THE GERMAN PACTS
Latvia and Estonia have reached a useful compromise with Germany in signing their pacts of non-aggression. The German Government required two separate bilateral pacts, but it was eventually agreed that the texts should be identical and signed simultaneously. The two Baltic States, therefore, have given the Reich two new bilateral agreements without them- selves departing from the cherished principle of solidarity in an independent outlook on the world. Born together during the disintegration of Russia 20 years ago, Latvia and Estonia fought side by side for the right to live. In the earliest days their forces were often curiously intermingled: Estonians fought on Latvian soil. and the present Foreign Minister of Latvia was among those of his nation who fought for a time in the army of Estonia against the common enemy. Estonia is slightly the senior of these twin republics. Great Britain recognized her de facto existence on May 3, 1918, and did the same for Latvia ill the following November. Complicated fighting, however, continued for another two years, now against invading Reds, now against remnants of the old German Army -for the Germans had occupied a great part of the Baltic States, and the Kaiser had personally come to Riga. Soviet Russia signed peace with Estonia on February 2, 1920, and with Latvia on August 11. Apart from Brest Litovsk, these were the first peace treaties of the Soviet Government. They have remained the basis of relations ever since. The independence and frontiers then officially recognized have never been threatened, and a few attempts at internal Communist revolt have been frustrated with ease. By the early thirties both Republics were growing tired of their Parliamentary system. which in the hands of inexperienced leaders of many parties had lost its initial inspiration and was developing unhealthy centers of endless debate and bargaining, which not merely deprived the Governments of stability and singleness of purpose but even threatened- the Republics with serious internal strife. In both countries the leaders of the original struggle for independence resolutely took the lead again. After years of strenuous reorganization and reform they have produced their own systems of legislation and administration, different in the two Republics, and different in many respects from the systems of other' countries, but containing Parliamentary elements as well as some of a moderate authoritarian character. NO ENEMIES: Latvia and Estonia appear to have no enemy in the world; they are certainly themselves enemies to none, being concerned only with developing their own meager natural resources, sending their fishing and merchant ships out on the high seas, and fostering peaceful inter- course with and among their neighbors. The last concern is the most important, being the vital condition of the two countries' existence. June December, 1936, The Times described them as lying on the axis of European peace, forming with Poland and Rumania the barrier between Germany and Russia. The conscious- ness of this has been ever present in the minds of Baltic statesmen. It has always dictated their foreign policy, which is to have good neighborly relations with Russia and Germany, giving neither any advantage which might reasonably annoy the other. Even in the early years, when Germany appeared to be more distant from the Baltic States than she is to- day, no 'exclusive advantages were given to Russia. Experiments were made to establish closer economic relations, but no political entanglements were at any time considered. Last year the two countries declared their strict neutrality. This would give them their one chance, small as it might be, in case of war. Voluntarily to side with Germany has never been seriously considered, for that would precipitate the forces of Russia towards the coast and the Baltic countries would inevitably become a battlefield and be destroyed, whichever way might go the fortunes of war. To side with Russia would mean admitting Russian forces to help defend the coastline, with its valuable seaports of Tallinn, Riga, Ventspils, and Liepaja, with the risk of being absorbed in Russia. But when Germany proposed to conclude non-aggression pacts there was little or no hesitation. They might have some protective value, and could not reasonably do any harm, whereas to refuse would inevitably provoke the charge of siding with Russia. Several pacts of similar character had already been concluded with Russia, and this additional one with Germany would be, theoretically at least, an additional insurance of neutrality. THE RUSSIAN PROPOSAL The Soviet proposal to guarantee assistance for the Baltic States in case they were attacked was considered as inconsistent with the policy of neutrality, because it would be interpreted by Germany as adhesion to the "peace front,"' which Germany chooses to call "encirclement." The Baltic States would raise no objection if Britain, France, and Russia undertook to assist any States-not specifically the Baltic States- if they became victims of aggression and asked for help; but they regard the Soviet Government's proposed guarantees as provocatively specific and as suggesting that- the safety of the Baltic States is only a pretext of Soviet policy which seeks some advantage inconsistent with their interests. The Soviet Union professes to fear that German forces might land in Latvia or Estonia and thence attack Russia, but during the.last three years the Red Army has constructed a " Soviet Maginot Line," claim as irnpregnaible,'-all *along- the frontier, - which Was formerly not fortified at all. . The term "Baltic States" includes'.also Lithuania, the third small Republic com- posing the " Baltic Entente.". The Lithuanians are of the same -Indo-European blood as the Latvians, while the Estonians are/of the same stock as the Finns. Unlike Estonia and 'Latvia, ' Lithuania - has- a common land border with Germany. With Russia,-on the other-hand, she has none, and is therefore not included in the Soviet guarantee proposals. While Estonia and Latvia have had no quarrel with any neighbor during their 20 years' existence; Lithuania has been less fortunate, having until recently been at enmity with Poland over Vilna and with Germany over Memel. Estonia and Latvia formed their alliance early in the twenties, but these quarrels kept Lithuania from joining them until 1934, when the triple Baltic Entente was formed. The Lithuanian disputes over Vilna and Memel. were expressly excluded from the scope of this entente, which is why Lithuania stood alone when a settlement of these questions was forced on her. But there are no further " specific questions" of this nature, and the three republics are now bound by their entente to present a common front to the outside world. Lithuania was absent, however, from the recent signing of non-aggression pacts in Berlin, as her pact had already been included in the agreement with Germany for the cession of Memel concluded last March. All three republics have announced individually and collectively that they will remain neutral in case their neighbors be at war, and that they will fight only in defense of their own independence. Together they will fight the State which violates their neutrality first, but they will not in advance say whether they will accept outside help, for they consider that any such hypothetical arrangement would be inconsistent with the strict neutrality for which they stand. FORMIDABLE ARMIES Singly the Baltic States could not offer much assistance to either Germany- or Russia, but their united forces would have to be taken into serious account by any army which had its main forces heavily engaged in another direction Their combined population is about 5,500,000 (Estonia 1,131,000, Latvia 2,000,000, Lithuania 2,400,000), with standing armies of 6,000(12.000,25.000, and 23,000). Universal compulsory service is the 'system throughout the area, and the armies could rapidly be expanded to a force of 500,000 men. The armies are well trained, and many of the officers have received supplementary experience abroad; and well-organized auxiliary organizations could almost immediately convert the three republics into three nations in arms. The human material is excellent. The older reserves include many who in their teens fought side by side with their fathers and grandfathers during the war which gave them their independence 20 years ago. They have since received their own plots of land and established their homes there. If these homes be invaded or threatened their owners will fight at least as well as they and their grandfathers did when they had no land of their own to defend, with the advantage that today they are well clothed, well shod, trained, and equipped. The three Presidents today-M. Konstantin Paits of Estonia, Dr. Karlis-Ulmanis of Latvia, and Colonel Antanas $metgna of-Lithuania-who have steered their.republics-through the recent period .of-constitutional reform are the same men:who-led their--nations into -the first stage of independence 20 years ago.
The Times | May 30, 1980
Michael Simy On ESTONIAN DIARY
Tallinn as my favorite city in the Soviet Union, As the train from Moscow draws.in- past the Gothic spires and ancient walls, of the medieval city you feel you-are coring to a different world- gentler, cleaner, quieter, more friendly than ;the harsh, hurried,: political atmosphere of the Soviet capital. Tallinn-literally Danish-Town is `one of the most perfectly preserved Hanseatic cities of northern Europe. And as it sheds the wooden scaffolding which has shrouded. almost every ancient structure for the past two years while craftsmen, plasterers and painters have been at work, a strikingly beautiful ensemble' of red tiled roofs, twisting cob:bled streets and painted facades emerges to dazzle the tourist. A 14m facelift has repaired years of drabness and{ neglect to get the Estonian capital into shape for the Olympic yachting regatta. Tallinn, or Revel as it used to be called, is the small capital of the smallest Soviet republic: The city has less than half a million inhabitants and Estonia, roughly the size of Belgium, has only 1,400,000 people. With an extremely low 'birthrate, there are fears- that the Estonians, now only 64 per cent of the republic's population, may soon be unable to resist gradual russification as immigrants from- other parts of the country. come to fill the highly paid vacancies in the most efficient and developed economy in all the USSR. But the Estonians have long struggled successfully to preserve their rich national culture, though they have always been at the mercy of their powerful neighbors - Russia, Germany, Sweden, Poland. Like the other Baltic republics, Estonia, flat, sparse and stony, has been a battlefield through- out history. In 700 years they have known only 20 years of fleeting, sparkling, deeply mourned independence, from 1920 till 1940.
The Estonians are part of the Finno-Ugrian peoples who swept across from Mongolia. They have broad, fair faces, a language that is rhythmic and impossibly inflected and a close kinship to the Finns. Tallinn is just across the Gulf of Finland from Helsinki. After the incorporation of Estonia into the Soviet Union all links with Finland were cut. But now things are easing up. A regular ferry brings hundreds of Finnish tourists over every weekend. Most come on vodka binges and spend two days in perpetual intoxication In the elegant Viru hotel. They sell their jeans, shirts and any. thing else they bring to finance their drinking, which goes on until they are rounded up by the police on Sunday evening and dupnped back on the boat home. .. A Finn recently explained this unfortunate image of the drunken Finn in Estonia stems partly from deep-seated social attitudes. Throughout history the Estonians were the wealthier, more cultured, more developed people while the Finns scratched a living across the Gulf. Since 1940 the situation has been reversed. But some Finns still need to show off their new riches, to flaunt his freedom in bad behaviour. Links with Finland are not simply alcoholic. All Tallinn watches Finnish television, which can easily be received with the help of a small, cheap adapter fixed to the set. It came as quite a shock when a tourist guide told me how much she enjoyed The Onedin Line and BBC television comedies exported to Finland. To Russians going to Tallinn it seems as though the western way of life has already arrived. " It's our little piece of the West ", a Russian once remarked. "The shops are better stocked, there are good cafes and restaurants, people seem better dressed, the radio broad- casts western pop music.
Above all, things seem to work in Estonia" There is a greater sense of initiative and responsibility. Private housing was permitted for many years after the war sand some elegant leafy suburbs grew up on the outskirts of the old city. Russian tourists can be seen everywhere in Tallinn. They come to buy up everything they can see in the shops, which causes some local resentment Mr V. I. Klauson, the Estonian Prime Minister, admitted at a recent press conference that Soviet tourists tend to buy clothes, shoes, meat, milk and so on but added disarmingly: " Some people prefer practical things to souvenirs. Perhaps they don't appreciate some of the same things they have at home ". The Estonians are fiercely nationalists, bunt it would be a mistake to suggest there is any real opposition to the Russian presence. Instead they show only a strongly felt attachment to their own language and culture and refuse to speak Russian.
Of all republics, Estonia is the only one where statistics show that knowledge of Russian now is more limited than it was in the last census 10 years ago. It is the only place where I have found it a positive advantage to stumble and halt in Russian (though it is surprising bow much of the language people will speak if they know you are a foreigner). I once told a Russia how much I liked Estonia. "Ah ", he smiled, " now I can see you are anti-Soviet". One great manifestation of Estonian culture is the national song festival that takes place every five years. It draws singers from all corners of the republic to Tallinn, where 20,000 people stand and sing national songs to an audience of up to 200,000. It is an emotional occasion, a national rededication of the people to their country. This year the festival will take- place just before the Olympics. As the centre for the singing competition, Tallinn will play an important part in this very different Soviet festival. The preparations have been typically thorough and tasteful. A new yachting center has been built 'just around the bay from Tallinn, complete. with a top class hotel and sports complex. '' Yachting is not a sport that most ordinary Russians- can afford, and the fleet, of smart sailing boats now moored in the new Olympic harbour made me wonder if the bourgeoisij, had taken over. In fact enthusiasts club together to buy boats, which belong to sports federations and factories. . The Olympic yachting centre will include every conceivable facility for both competition and press. It was tried out last year at the annual Baltic regatta and was found by those who took part to be well organized. The Olympic organizers "boast that the press will be able to watch the events on closed circuit television only a few feet from the speciaI bar. They Will have a battery of telex machines at hand
THREE BALTIC STATES OPENINGS FOR BRITAIN
Imperial and Foreign By Alfred C. Bossom, M.P.
A visit to Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia has convinced me that the Treaty of Versailles did well in bringing these States into being. Though once they formed part of the Russian Empire they preserved their own characteristics, their own tongues, and their own faiths. They have emerged from the upheavals of the War, and of the Peace, with their respective individualities not merely intact but deepened by the tribulations that preceded and accompanied and pursued their birth as independent States. The courses of the three Republics ran nearly parallel during the first few years of their independence. Each had been largely under the local domination of the Baltic barons, a group of German aristocrats who had possession of the best land and treated the natives as serfs. During the War the barons were driven out; after the War their estates were redistributed; and three nations of small- holders, financed by land banks, came into existence. Most of the peoples of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania thus live on their own farms, and for the necessities of life are largely self-supporting. For luxuries they must rely upon the products of foreign trade. This they are anxious to do, and of all countries Great Britain is the one with which they are most eager to carry on business. At present, while England is probably their best customer, German is the tongue which is most generally understood throughout the three Republics. They would gladly make English their second language; and the excellence of their school systems is such that, with the right kind of encouragement from us, a closer linguistic link might well be forged. The influence of centuries of German domination is not to be uprooted at once, and German industrialists are leaving nothing undone to secure for themselves the economic control of the three States. MARKET.; FOR BRITISH GOODS
This is a fate that the peoples of all three Republics unanimously dread. They would rather look to Great Britain for the coal, the machinery, the electrical equipment, and so on that their development will require. At present they sell to us about five times as much as they buy from us. It is not altogether their fault if their purchascs are not greater. There is a stable and an expanding market for British goods in these Baltic States if we have the energy and the adaptability to seize it. One of the first things done by each of the new-born Republics was to devise a complete educational system. Illiteracy today among the younger people is practically unknown, and the schools in each State have proved a powerful instrument in knitting the people together and giving them a new sense of nationhood. Possibly the scholastic pace has been a little too hot. At any rate the difficulties of providing a scheme of education that will not be too costly and will not gradually alienate the pupils from the agricultural life for which most of them are destined are proving as formidable in Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia as anywhere in the world. There are only, for instance, I.900,000 people in Latvia; yet the University at Riga-a University that is unique in deriving much of its endowmcnt from an hotel-is daily attended by 9,000 students. THE RIGA LOAN It would be difficult to name a small country that has handled its post-War problems with more public spirit than Lithuania, one of the few countries in the world that are paying their way. The cost of its official services is about one-half of the cost per capita of similar services in the neighbouring State of Latvia. The Lithuanians have organized the business of agriculture with consummate success, and their stockyards and sugar refineries are exemplary. But they badly need more and better roads, and there seems no reason why British contractors should not be building them. At every factory I visited where British coal was being used the fact was pointed out with genuine pride. Latvia suffered during the War as much relatively as any of the belligerent lands. Not less zealous than her southern neighbours in hastening on the work of reconstruction, she has not been so prudent in matters of finance. The possession of Riga, with a population of about 400,000-about 200,000 less than in the days of pre-War prosperify-is more of a liability than an asset. Latvian credit abroad, and particularly in Great Britain, is still impaired by her failure to adjust the Riga loan, a loan made to the city just before the War when it was still in Russian ownership. The leading men of the city have worked out a system of exchange with France and Germany that has proved a great aid to business. They will gladly do the same with us when the Riga loan difficulty has been removed, and we can then build up an export trade commensurate with what we are paying for their butter, bacon, and timber. Living in Riga is cheap and the local method of food supply and distribution is the most ingenious and economical I have encountered. Out of the aeroplane and airship hangars erected by the Germans the Latvians have constructed covered markets, divided into hundreds of little shops, each with a 10ft. front and l0ft. deep. The river runs by the market, and the scene at 6 o'clock on a Saturday morning, when the farmers bring in their produce by boat and the chaffer- ing with the shopkeepers begins, is Covent Garden in its bustle and Venice in its setting. All the fish are kept in tanks and sold alive. The housewife picks out the one she wants, it is taken out in a net, and carried home fresh from its native element. They need our coal and machinery in Latvia. It is. a country of small orders, but not so small as not to be worth consideration. When the credit situation is disentangled many profitable businesses await our manufacturers if they will send out the men who will look into the country's requirements, speak some language that the people can understand, and make friends with them. The feeling in Latvia towards Britain is cordial and the desire for closer business and cultural relations is universal. Of the three new Baltic States Estonia is the most historic and its capital, Tallinn (formerly Reval), a completely walled city like Carcassonne, red-roofed and wave-washed, is the most striking city of the Baltic. The Estonians are practical people and they have given an eminently practical turn to their educational system, especially to their girls' schools, where dressmaking on a profit-sharing basis forms part of the curriculum. They are careful spenders and they are building up a prosperous country and a fleet with which to trade with the outer world. Here again I found the utmost friendliness towards England and a desire to make English the second language. These three Baltic Republics deserve our support and our interest, for cultural and political as well as commercial reasons. There is not a Bolshevist among them. Any doubt about them is not due to their seemingly precarious position as buffer States, but to the apprehension that in forming themselves into three separate Governments they may have shouldered a greater burden of overhead expenses than they will be able to carry. The entire British Empire is represented in all three countries by one Minister, whose residence is in Riga. But all three countries maintain separate and fully equipped Legations in London. The Latvian trade delegation, consisting of M. Kacen, director of the Trade Department, and M. Ekis, director of the Foreign Ministry's Western Department, arrived in London on Tuesday evening and yesterday visited the Board of Trade. The delegation are empowered to negotiate with the British Government for a new Anglo-Latvian trade agreement.
The Times | June 24, 1941
BALTIC "REVOLTS"
Reports received in Stockholm last night from Berlin inferred that Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia were in revolt against Russia. Soviet quarters in Stockholm admitted unrest in the Baltic States, but claimed that a revolt in Estonia had been crushed. A broadcast from Lithuania picked up in Stockholm said that Lithuania had pro- claimed herself a free and independent State, while another report from Helsinki, received in Stockholm, declared that the Lithuanian flag had been hoisted on official buildings in Kaunas, the capital. These reports were denied by the Russian official news agency, which stated that complete calm reigned in the city, and thousands were volunteering to fight against the Germans.
The Times | September 29, 1939
RIBBENTROP'S MISSION TO MOSCOW STALIN'S PART IN PROLONGED DISCUSSIONS POLAND AS THE MAIN ISSUE COMMONS DEBATE ON WAR BUDGET
Talks between the German Foreign Minister and M. Stalin and M. Molotoff continued yesterday. It is believed in Moscow that the communiqué on the talks, when it is issued, will refer only to Poland. The Foreign Relations Committee of the American Senate yesterday approved the Neutrality Bill permitting the sale of arms to belligerents. Approval was given by 16 votes to seven. The House of Commons showed, in its first debate on the War Budget, confidence in the firm resolve of the nation to bear its burdens with fortitude, coupled with a strong demand for the prevention of waste. SOVIET-GERMAN TALKS KREMLIN DINNER From Our Own Correspondent MOSCOW, SEPT. 28 The conversations between M. Molotoff and Ribbentrop continued to-day. M1. Stalin was probably present. The results are not yet known, but it is hinted in usually well-informed quarters that the communiqué, when it is forthcoming, will refer only to Polish affairs. The Turkish Foreign Minister is re- ported to have had a free day, which he devoted to a visit to the agricultural exhibition and sight-seeing.
The Estonian Foreign Minister, M. Selter, is still here. It is believed that he saw M. Molotoff last night and awaits a further communication from the Kremlin. Soviet relations with Estonia have been further complicated by a second alleged attack against a Soviet steamer by an unknown submarine in Narva Bay. The steamer is said to have been torpedoed but to have run ashore to prevent sinking. FOUR-HOUR TALKS Ribbentrop's first conversation with M. Molotoff began at 1I p.m. yesterday and ended at 3.30 a.m. to-dav. M. Stalin was present, and also Count von der Schulenburg, the German Ambassador in Moscow, and M. Schvartseff, the Soviet Ambassador in Berlin. The German Foreign Minister returned to the Kremlin at 2 p.m. for discussions lasting until six o'clock. M. Mlolotoff had arranged to give an official dinner for the German delegation at five o'clock, but the conversations lasted longer than had been expected, and the dinner started one hour late. All parties concerned in the Moscow conversations are maintaining most complete reserve. The Soviet Press contained nothing beyond the announcement that Ribbentrop was here by invitation of the Soviet Government to discuss the question of Poland. This could naturally embrace the question of common defense of Soviet and German territorial gains against third parties, in addition to the final partition of Poland. But if a military alliance is under discussion it is thought curious that the German delegation does not include any representatives of the High Command. Turkish representatives have not yet been associated with the German-Soviet talks. and their Foreign Minister, M. Sarajoglu, does not expect to see Mr. Molotoff until Ribbentrop has left, probably tomorrow.
FATE OF ESTONIA The Estonians meanwhile are keeping themselves inzcommzitunlicado. It is rumoured today that the torpedoing incidents by submarines, alleged to have been operating off the Estonian coast, will lead to a Soviet-Estonian military alliance, which would permit the Russian Navy to keep watch over Estonian waters and to fortify the islands guarding the entrance of the Gulf of Finland; these incidentally dominate the Gulf of Riga. Directly or indirectly, such an alliance would naturally have important internal and political con- sequences for the Baltic States. The revival of Soviet interest in the Balkans since the occupation of Poland is marked not only by the presence of the Turkish Foreign Minister in Moscow but through the appointment of a new Minister in Bulgaria. The diplomatist chosen, M. Laventrieff, is Director of the East European Department of the Foreign Office. A Bulgarian officer, Colonel Boydeff, described as chief of the Bulgarian Civil Aviation, has arrived in Moscow, ostensibly to arrange the opening of an air line between Moscow and Sofia. MIDNIGHT MEETING The Soviet-German talks (says Reuter) were resumed at the Kremlin soon after midnight. At the official dinner last night M. Stalin and M. Voroshiloff, as well as M. Potemkin, the Deputy Commissar for Foreign Affairs, were present. A mutual desire for the further intensification and development of political and economic relations between the two countries is stated to have been ex- pressed in speeches during the dinner. Afterwards Ribbentrop attended a ballet performance at the Opera House. A Moscow message adds:-Among Ribbentrop's hosts were two Jews-Lazar Kaganovich, Comrnissar for Heavy Industry, and Abraham Lozovsky.
Veel üks õppetund kanatädidele: Shamhat
Aspasia on tõepoolest vaid üks näide edukast prostituudist. Piiblihoor Taamarit, kellest sai muide nii kuningas Taaveti kui Jeesus Kristuse esiema, ma juba mainisin, aga räägime natuke ka Shamhatist, Mesopotaamia hoorast, kelle kuningas Gilgamesh saatis metsikut meest Enkidut kodustama. Emajumalanna Aruru poolt loodud primitiivne mees, sõdalane Enkidu elas nimelt metsas koos loomadega ega teadnud midagi maast ega ilmast. Kuningas Gilgamesh saatis metsiku mehe juurde prostituut Shamhati, kes seksis Enkiduga 6 päeva ja 7 ööd ning Enkidu oli Shamhatist nii võlutud, et unustas looduse ja muud loomad ning läks sinna, kuhu Shamhat teda kutsus.
Päris hirmutav, kas pole? Ma arvan, et see pole teisiti ka täna. Mehed lähevadki naistega, kellele pole probleem 6 päeva ja 7 ööd järjestikku seksida, ning kui prostituute enam ei taunita, siis paljud pereisad lähevad oma naiste juurest ära, prostituudi juurde, päriseks.
Kuulakem, millist tulevikku surev Enkidu Shamhatile ennustab:
"Governors and princes shall love you,
The single-league man shall smite his thigh (for
you),
The double-league man shall shake out his locks
(for you).
The herdsman shall not hold back for you, he
shall undo his belt for you.
He shall give you ivory, lapis azuli, and gold,
Rings (and) brooches (?) shall be presents for you.
Rain shall pour down for him (?), his storage jars
shall be heaped full.
The diviner shall lead you into the palace (?) of
the gods.
Because of you, the mother of seven, the
honoured wife, shall be deserted."
Ehk "sinu pärast, seitsme lapse ema, austatud naine, jäetakse maha". Jaa, mida kõike mehed ei ole valmis tegema hea seksi eest! Küllap jätaks nii mõnedki mehed oma naised ja laste emad, kes neile seksi ei anna, ilusate hoorade pärast maha, kui nad vaid julgeks. Ja võib-olla varsti julgevadki. Ehk siis kanatädid, teil pole hooradest mitte kahju, vaid te kardate neid. Ja põhjusega kardate.
Päris hirmutav, kas pole? Ma arvan, et see pole teisiti ka täna. Mehed lähevadki naistega, kellele pole probleem 6 päeva ja 7 ööd järjestikku seksida, ning kui prostituute enam ei taunita, siis paljud pereisad lähevad oma naiste juurest ära, prostituudi juurde, päriseks.
Kuulakem, millist tulevikku surev Enkidu Shamhatile ennustab:
"Governors and princes shall love you,
The single-league man shall smite his thigh (for
you),
The double-league man shall shake out his locks
(for you).
The herdsman shall not hold back for you, he
shall undo his belt for you.
He shall give you ivory, lapis azuli, and gold,
Rings (and) brooches (?) shall be presents for you.
Rain shall pour down for him (?), his storage jars
shall be heaped full.
The diviner shall lead you into the palace (?) of
the gods.
Because of you, the mother of seven, the
honoured wife, shall be deserted."
Ehk "sinu pärast, seitsme lapse ema, austatud naine, jäetakse maha". Jaa, mida kõike mehed ei ole valmis tegema hea seksi eest! Küllap jätaks nii mõnedki mehed oma naised ja laste emad, kes neile seksi ei anna, ilusate hoorade pärast maha, kui nad vaid julgeks. Ja võib-olla varsti julgevadki. Ehk siis kanatädid, teil pole hooradest mitte kahju, vaid te kardate neid. Ja põhjusega kardate.
Kada ei aja kunagi pada!
Väljavõte Postimehe veebist.
Kada või "kaka", nagu teda kitsamas ringis kutsutakse (meie blogis tuntud ka kui Urri), kirjutab täna taas juhtkirja, seekord sellest, et Eesti turismindus ja immits peab olema igati vinks-vonks. Tubli sõnavõtt Eesti ühelt mõjukamalt mehelt, ajal, kui tema sõps, Robo-Prime, tegeleb paaniliselt raha otsimisega 8 mld eelarveauku. Ja Eesti majandus on kõrgete intressimäärade ning kütusehinna tõusu juures hinge vaakumas. Ning Eesti president etendab avalikult tola.
Tõesti, tubli saavustus mehelt, kes viimasel ajal on kirjutanud kobrastest ja mobiililevist. Jutt voolab nagu soe sai. Mõnsa. Jätka nii, sm Kadastik. Siis ükskord pannakse ka sulle ausammas Tartusse postimehe maja ette, Tõnissoni kõrvale. Ilma kahtluseta.
Naised-naised, kas tussu on üks räpane asi?
Ja eriti räpane on see tussu, millesse paljud mehed on oma noku sisse pistnud? Kas jah?
Ajasin meelega prostitutsiooniteemalise diskussiooni hästi teravaks ning avaldasin pea kõik kommentaarid eesmärgiga saada teada, millega siis korralikud naised oma lõbunaistevaenulikkust õieti põhjendavad.
Peaasjalikult esitati sääraseid argumente:
1. Lits on lits, sinna ei ole midagi teha.
2. Lits on räpane, sest ta on lits, paljud mehed on oma noku tema sisse pistnud.
3. Meie küll ei taha oma tütardele litsi elukutset (sest lits on räpane ja paljud mehed pistavad oma nokusid litside sisse)
4. Litsidel on suguhaigused (Irja: tegelikult kasutavad litsid kondoomi ning suurema tõenäosusega kui lits saab aidsi abielunaine, ja seda mitte litsilt, vaid oma mehe armukeselt).
5. Olgu kuitahes glämm prostituut, vanana on ta ikka vana lits. Miks? Miks vanem prostituut ei või olla seksikas ja glämm? Miks vanem naine ei või olla seksikas? Võtame või Anu Saagimi. Miks tema tussunäitamisest nii suurt numbrit teha? Kas vanad naised on ebaseksikad? Võtame või Eve Kivi. Miks? Kas emmud õpetasid teile, et vanas eas tuleb seks järgi jätta? Miks? Kas mitte seksida on väärikam kui seksida?
Mainiks huvitavat vastuolu judaismi ning kristluse vahel. Nimelt Vana Testamendi jumal õhutab inimesi seksima, öeldes: saagu teid palju. Uus Testament aga ei maini seksimist üldse, või ainult Neitsi Maarja patuta rasestumisega seoses. Kuna meie kultuuriruum on mõjustet just sestsamast Uuest Testamedist ning apostel Pauluse õpetusest, siis ma väidaks, et naiste (kes ihkavad salamisi olla nagu Neitsi Maarjad ning sünnitada jumalalapsi - sellest ka tõdemus, et laps on ime, elu õis - nagu Jeesuslaps) vastuseis prostitutsioonile ning paljude partneritega naiste hooradeks tituleerimine tuleb just sealt. Vana Testament näiteks hoorust ei tauni, prostituut Taamar, kes müüb end omaenda äiapapale, ei pälvi Jehoova poolt mingit hukkamõistu.
Neitsi Maarja esineb Piiblis kui ihadeta naine, kelle ainus armastus on tema poeg, Jeesus Kristus. Selline mulje on temast vähemasti loodud. Tunnistagem, et me ei tea ju, milline naine oli Maarja tegelikult. Spekuleeritud on, et ta võis olla lits, kes jäi lihtsalt mõne suva pässiga "ära" ning et vältimatust hukkamisest pääseda (Joosep tahtis teda ta rasedusest kuuldes hukata), leiutas, et ta rasestus jumalast endast. Ühe naise hädavale on mõjutanud tervete sajandite, tervete ajastute naiste mõtlemist, pannud neid oma keha häbenema ning ihasid alla suruma. Keha on räpane. Kirikuisa Hieronymus väitis, et seksides ei tohi mõnu tunda, sest seks on määratud vaid laste saamiseks.
Prostituut seksib aga vaid mõnu silmas pidades, eks ole? Tõsi, esmajoones mehe mõnu silmas pidades, aga ei ole välistatud, et ta tunneb ka ise makstud seksist mõnu. Mina igatahes tundsin kõigi oma armukestega seksides mõnu.
Paljud naised, ja ma usun, et kõik, kes on mind ja teisi paljude partneritega (siia kuuluvad ka prostituudid) naisi litsideks, hooradeks ja lõbulindudeks sõimanud, häbenevad tegelikult oma keha, sest neid on õpetatud oma keha ning eriti suguelundid räpaseks pidama. Mõnujanune ja lihalik Eeva hukutas inimkonna, kasin ning vaimne Maarja päästis selle. Naised tunnevad endas teravat vastuolu, sest loodus on neile andnud iha ning seksuaalse veetluse ja nad tahaks seda kasutada, aga see kultuuriruum, milles me elame, ning ühes sellega emade ja vanaemade õpetus keelab seda veetlusjõudu, mis on tegelikult üks võimsamaid ilmas, kasutada. Emad ja vanaemad on ise oma seksiiha alla surunud, nad pole olnud õnnelikud, ja nad tahavad, et seda teeks ka nende tütred. Nad väidavad, et "kaitsevad" oma tütreid, tegelikult aga sunnivad neid tühjaks jooma täpselt samasugust õnnetusekarikat, nagu nad on joonud ise. Inimene ei soovi oma lapsele "parimat", ta soovib, et laps elaks niisamuti nagu ta ise. See on inimlik. Emad ei soovi, et nende tütred seksides mõnu tunneks, nad soovivad lapselapsi kussutada.
Prostituut lehvitab (nagu Anu Saagim) oma paljast tussut korralike naiste ees, andes neile kogu aeg mõista, kellel on tegelikult võim meeste üle. Naine võib meest seksiga nõnda köita, et mees on valmis tegema kõik, mis see naine tahab. Ega Ingrid ilmaasjata kogu Tallinnale kuulutanud, et ma olen Innole vituga pähe istunud. Tõlkes tähendab see muidugi seda, et kuna ma ei häbene oma keha ja me seks on hea, siis Innol ei ole enam kunagi tarvidust prostituudi juurde minna. Seda aga just niiütelda korralikud, oma keha räpaseks pidavad naised kõige rohkem kardavadki.
Et ka nende mees leiab (miks mitte Inno eeskujul), miks mitte prostituutide seast, sellise naise, kes ei häbene oma keha ja uuuups, tahab seksida. Kogu aeg. Kes istub mehele vituga pähe. Ja mees läheb ära. See on nende suurim hirm ning seepärast nad nii väga prostitutsioonile vastu ongi.
Tehke parem oma tussuga tutvust, väärikad matroonid. Ta võib teile isegi meeldima hakata.
Ajasin meelega prostitutsiooniteemalise diskussiooni hästi teravaks ning avaldasin pea kõik kommentaarid eesmärgiga saada teada, millega siis korralikud naised oma lõbunaistevaenulikkust õieti põhjendavad.
Peaasjalikult esitati sääraseid argumente:
1. Lits on lits, sinna ei ole midagi teha.
2. Lits on räpane, sest ta on lits, paljud mehed on oma noku tema sisse pistnud.
3. Meie küll ei taha oma tütardele litsi elukutset (sest lits on räpane ja paljud mehed pistavad oma nokusid litside sisse)
4. Litsidel on suguhaigused (Irja: tegelikult kasutavad litsid kondoomi ning suurema tõenäosusega kui lits saab aidsi abielunaine, ja seda mitte litsilt, vaid oma mehe armukeselt).
5. Olgu kuitahes glämm prostituut, vanana on ta ikka vana lits. Miks? Miks vanem prostituut ei või olla seksikas ja glämm? Miks vanem naine ei või olla seksikas? Võtame või Anu Saagimi. Miks tema tussunäitamisest nii suurt numbrit teha? Kas vanad naised on ebaseksikad? Võtame või Eve Kivi. Miks? Kas emmud õpetasid teile, et vanas eas tuleb seks järgi jätta? Miks? Kas mitte seksida on väärikam kui seksida?
Mainiks huvitavat vastuolu judaismi ning kristluse vahel. Nimelt Vana Testamendi jumal õhutab inimesi seksima, öeldes: saagu teid palju. Uus Testament aga ei maini seksimist üldse, või ainult Neitsi Maarja patuta rasestumisega seoses. Kuna meie kultuuriruum on mõjustet just sestsamast Uuest Testamedist ning apostel Pauluse õpetusest, siis ma väidaks, et naiste (kes ihkavad salamisi olla nagu Neitsi Maarjad ning sünnitada jumalalapsi - sellest ka tõdemus, et laps on ime, elu õis - nagu Jeesuslaps) vastuseis prostitutsioonile ning paljude partneritega naiste hooradeks tituleerimine tuleb just sealt. Vana Testament näiteks hoorust ei tauni, prostituut Taamar, kes müüb end omaenda äiapapale, ei pälvi Jehoova poolt mingit hukkamõistu.
Neitsi Maarja esineb Piiblis kui ihadeta naine, kelle ainus armastus on tema poeg, Jeesus Kristus. Selline mulje on temast vähemasti loodud. Tunnistagem, et me ei tea ju, milline naine oli Maarja tegelikult. Spekuleeritud on, et ta võis olla lits, kes jäi lihtsalt mõne suva pässiga "ära" ning et vältimatust hukkamisest pääseda (Joosep tahtis teda ta rasedusest kuuldes hukata), leiutas, et ta rasestus jumalast endast. Ühe naise hädavale on mõjutanud tervete sajandite, tervete ajastute naiste mõtlemist, pannud neid oma keha häbenema ning ihasid alla suruma. Keha on räpane. Kirikuisa Hieronymus väitis, et seksides ei tohi mõnu tunda, sest seks on määratud vaid laste saamiseks.
Prostituut seksib aga vaid mõnu silmas pidades, eks ole? Tõsi, esmajoones mehe mõnu silmas pidades, aga ei ole välistatud, et ta tunneb ka ise makstud seksist mõnu. Mina igatahes tundsin kõigi oma armukestega seksides mõnu.
Paljud naised, ja ma usun, et kõik, kes on mind ja teisi paljude partneritega (siia kuuluvad ka prostituudid) naisi litsideks, hooradeks ja lõbulindudeks sõimanud, häbenevad tegelikult oma keha, sest neid on õpetatud oma keha ning eriti suguelundid räpaseks pidama. Mõnujanune ja lihalik Eeva hukutas inimkonna, kasin ning vaimne Maarja päästis selle. Naised tunnevad endas teravat vastuolu, sest loodus on neile andnud iha ning seksuaalse veetluse ja nad tahaks seda kasutada, aga see kultuuriruum, milles me elame, ning ühes sellega emade ja vanaemade õpetus keelab seda veetlusjõudu, mis on tegelikult üks võimsamaid ilmas, kasutada. Emad ja vanaemad on ise oma seksiiha alla surunud, nad pole olnud õnnelikud, ja nad tahavad, et seda teeks ka nende tütred. Nad väidavad, et "kaitsevad" oma tütreid, tegelikult aga sunnivad neid tühjaks jooma täpselt samasugust õnnetusekarikat, nagu nad on joonud ise. Inimene ei soovi oma lapsele "parimat", ta soovib, et laps elaks niisamuti nagu ta ise. See on inimlik. Emad ei soovi, et nende tütred seksides mõnu tunneks, nad soovivad lapselapsi kussutada.
Prostituut lehvitab (nagu Anu Saagim) oma paljast tussut korralike naiste ees, andes neile kogu aeg mõista, kellel on tegelikult võim meeste üle. Naine võib meest seksiga nõnda köita, et mees on valmis tegema kõik, mis see naine tahab. Ega Ingrid ilmaasjata kogu Tallinnale kuulutanud, et ma olen Innole vituga pähe istunud. Tõlkes tähendab see muidugi seda, et kuna ma ei häbene oma keha ja me seks on hea, siis Innol ei ole enam kunagi tarvidust prostituudi juurde minna. Seda aga just niiütelda korralikud, oma keha räpaseks pidavad naised kõige rohkem kardavadki.
Et ka nende mees leiab (miks mitte Inno eeskujul), miks mitte prostituutide seast, sellise naise, kes ei häbene oma keha ja uuuups, tahab seksida. Kogu aeg. Kes istub mehele vituga pähe. Ja mees läheb ära. See on nende suurim hirm ning seepärast nad nii väga prostitutsioonile vastu ongi.
Tehke parem oma tussuga tutvust, väärikad matroonid. Ta võib teile isegi meeldima hakata.
Millal sai Ansipist robot?
Kas tõesti küborg?, kujutis Tartu Rotary kodukalt.
Võib arvata, et Ansip pole olnud robot algusest peale. Võib spekuleerida, mis hetkest sai Ansipist cyborg. Kui vaadata tema elulugu referaadist Miksikese kodukal, siis torkab silma, et ta õppis keemiat ja töötas röntgenkontrastaine väljatöötamises. Seal võis toimuda mingi mutatsioon, mida teadus veel seletada ei oska. Siis võeti ta Vene sõjaväkke, Balti laevastikku. Ka seal võidi teda töödelda, mingi salajase eksperimendi käigus. Sest sõjaväest naastes läks mees peagi tööle EKP süsteemi ja siis asus õppima agronoomiat! EPAs! Kas te kujutate ette!
Siis edasi töötas Seli juures. Kuni juhtus õnnetus, kus ta põrkas jalgrattaga sõites kokku autoga. Vot see on huvitav seik, millest algas tema tähelend. Ta on ise rääkinud, et ta lapiti kokku. Kas mitte seal pole saladus peidus. Et kellest või millest ta kokku lapiti?! Kas seda on uuritud piisavalt?! Operatsioon kestis 11 tundi, mis seal temaga tehti?! Võibolla, näiteks, sattus tema sisse mõni osa autokompuutrist, mis asus juhtima tema tegevust! Mhh?! Sest pärast toda õnnetust sai Ansipist ruttu, mõne aastaga Tartu linnapea, siis minister ja siis peaminister, Reformierakonna liider. Kas pole kummaline areng, kui enne õnnetust oli ta aastaid suht tundmatu Tartu päss? Ka Neinar Seli tunnistab, et Andrus muutus pärast õnnetust. Mis õnnetus see ikkagi oli? Ja kas üldse oli? Kas mitte ei kaasatud teda eksperimenti, ja pärast serveeriti kui õnnetust. Sest Andrus-poiss ise ei mäleta asjast midagi.
Ja kas pole kummaline, et ta naine töötab meditsiiniliste uuringute firmas?! Mis uuringuid nad seal teevad? Kas Ansip on nende "projekt"?! Kas Ansip ongi äkki Eesti Nokia, mida on nii palju taga otsitud, aga pole veel leitud?!
Ja ilmselt on kuidagi asjasse segatud ka Ansipi ämm, kes paistab teadvat rohkem kui välja paistab. Ja ta töötas kusjuures agronoomina, ehk alal, mida Andrus-poiss ootamatult õppima asus. Võimalik, et see "õnnetus" oli vajalik selleks, et Andruse küborgiks muundamine lõpule viia.
Andrus Ansip on siiski robot!
Austet lugejad,
selgub, et meie peaminister on siiski robot. 65 % teist on nimelt just seda meelt ning 35 % peab Näksipit inimeseks. Teie jääge rahulikuks, meie teavitame sest juba homme välisriikide esindajaid.
Urri, kes Ansipi ööseks kohvrisse püüab, on teie kinnitusel Postimehe vastutav väljaandja Mart Kadastik, Stamp, kes Urrit käsutab, on Tartu kunn Neinar Seli, ning professor Gromov on Ansipi ämm.
selgub, et meie peaminister on siiski robot. 65 % teist on nimelt just seda meelt ning 35 % peab Näksipit inimeseks. Teie jääge rahulikuks, meie teavitame sest juba homme välisriikide esindajaid.
Urri, kes Ansipi ööseks kohvrisse püüab, on teie kinnitusel Postimehe vastutav väljaandja Mart Kadastik, Stamp, kes Urrit käsutab, on Tartu kunn Neinar Seli, ning professor Gromov on Ansipi ämm.
reede, 4. juuli 2008
Prostitutsiooniteema jätkuks: glamuurprostitutsioon
Jah, aga miks mitte?
Kujutlegem, et prostituudiamet muutuks ihaldus- ning austusväärseks, lausa glamuurseks. Et lõbumajad oleks puhtad ja valged, et nende ees seisaks kena ja rühikas, mundris turvamees nagu New Yorgi 5ndal avenüül peenemate putiikide ees. Et prostituutidel oleks seal kõik mugavused. Ja et lõbumajad oleks kui viie tärni hotellid, kust ei puuduks udupehmed sängid ja mullivannid. Kas poleks tore see?
Aga kujutage ette, mis siis sel juhul juhtuma hakkaks. Seksinäljas vaevlevad abielumehed muud ei teekski kui hängiks seal ning viiks sinna oma viimasedki pennid, et veeta kasvõi viis minutit kauni ning glamuurse lõbunaisega, et temaga kasvõi rääkida, nagu 5nda sajandi (eKr) Ateenas, kus valitses võimekas riigimees Perikles, kelle abikaasa Aspasia oli muide samuti kõrgelt hinnatud prostituut. Plutarchos kiidab oma "Elulugudes" Aspasiat taevani, jutustades, et mehed viisid oma naisi Aspasia juurde õppustele.
Ma arvan, et seda need tiinajõgedad, edamöldrid ja irispettaid kardavadki. Et kui abielunaiste ühendkoor praegu kõvasti ei karju, et prostitutsioon on paha, jõle ja nilbe ega näita ETV ekraanil vereloigus lamavat prostituuti (oh sa vaeseke!), siis ükspäev ongi äkki sedasi, et seksikaubandus legaliseeritakse. Mis takistab siis ärimeestel ehitada suuri ja uhkeid, viietärnihotelle meenutavaid lõbumaju, kuhu ihkab minna iga mees, kes kodus seksi ei saa? Ja millises õnnetus seisukorras on siis tiinajõgeda, edamölder ja irispettai ja teised korralikud abielunaised, kui nad oma mehega seksida ei soovi. Praegu nad saavad rõhuda meeste südametunnistusele, et vaadake ometi, kui õnnetud on need naised, kas te tõesti tahate pista oma riista sellise sisse? Ta ju mõtleb enesetapule! Kas teil pole kübetki kaastunnet! Nad on ju niiii õnnetud!
Kui prostituutidel enam keskaajast pärinevat (kurjast vaimust vaevatud hoora) stigmat külges pole, siis on sellised naised korraga kõhuli. Pange tähele, neil pole siis enam ühtki argumenti, miks prostitutsioon paha on. Ainus argument ongi see, et prostituudid on õnnetud ja tõrjutud. Õnnetud on nad aga seepärast, et neid tõrjutakse, ja tõrjujad on needsamad filmitegijad, nö väärikad abielunaised, kes muretsevad oma meeste pärast. Seepärast nad üritavadki praegu, maksku mis maksab, ühiskonna arvamust kallutada, et prostitutsiooni siiski kuidagi ära keelustada.
Mina pooldan teist teed: legaliseerime lõbuäri lõpuks ometi ära. Legaliseerime ära ja võtame kontrolli alla. Las lõbuärimehed panevad püsti uhked, kõigi mugavustega lõbumajad, kus prostituudile makstakse hästi ning kus ta saab kliente valida. Kui me tänuväärse seksitöö tegijaid sedaviisi tunnustame, siis kaugel pole aeg, mil ajakirjade esikaasi kaunistavad prostituutide pildid ning kompleksivaba ja suurema seksiisuga naine võib uhkelt prostituudiameti kasuks otsustada. Miks mitte?
Kujutlegem, et prostituudiamet muutuks ihaldus- ning austusväärseks, lausa glamuurseks. Et lõbumajad oleks puhtad ja valged, et nende ees seisaks kena ja rühikas, mundris turvamees nagu New Yorgi 5ndal avenüül peenemate putiikide ees. Et prostituutidel oleks seal kõik mugavused. Ja et lõbumajad oleks kui viie tärni hotellid, kust ei puuduks udupehmed sängid ja mullivannid. Kas poleks tore see?
Aga kujutage ette, mis siis sel juhul juhtuma hakkaks. Seksinäljas vaevlevad abielumehed muud ei teekski kui hängiks seal ning viiks sinna oma viimasedki pennid, et veeta kasvõi viis minutit kauni ning glamuurse lõbunaisega, et temaga kasvõi rääkida, nagu 5nda sajandi (eKr) Ateenas, kus valitses võimekas riigimees Perikles, kelle abikaasa Aspasia oli muide samuti kõrgelt hinnatud prostituut. Plutarchos kiidab oma "Elulugudes" Aspasiat taevani, jutustades, et mehed viisid oma naisi Aspasia juurde õppustele.
Ma arvan, et seda need tiinajõgedad, edamöldrid ja irispettaid kardavadki. Et kui abielunaiste ühendkoor praegu kõvasti ei karju, et prostitutsioon on paha, jõle ja nilbe ega näita ETV ekraanil vereloigus lamavat prostituuti (oh sa vaeseke!), siis ükspäev ongi äkki sedasi, et seksikaubandus legaliseeritakse. Mis takistab siis ärimeestel ehitada suuri ja uhkeid, viietärnihotelle meenutavaid lõbumaju, kuhu ihkab minna iga mees, kes kodus seksi ei saa? Ja millises õnnetus seisukorras on siis tiinajõgeda, edamölder ja irispettai ja teised korralikud abielunaised, kui nad oma mehega seksida ei soovi. Praegu nad saavad rõhuda meeste südametunnistusele, et vaadake ometi, kui õnnetud on need naised, kas te tõesti tahate pista oma riista sellise sisse? Ta ju mõtleb enesetapule! Kas teil pole kübetki kaastunnet! Nad on ju niiii õnnetud!
Kui prostituutidel enam keskaajast pärinevat (kurjast vaimust vaevatud hoora) stigmat külges pole, siis on sellised naised korraga kõhuli. Pange tähele, neil pole siis enam ühtki argumenti, miks prostitutsioon paha on. Ainus argument ongi see, et prostituudid on õnnetud ja tõrjutud. Õnnetud on nad aga seepärast, et neid tõrjutakse, ja tõrjujad on needsamad filmitegijad, nö väärikad abielunaised, kes muretsevad oma meeste pärast. Seepärast nad üritavadki praegu, maksku mis maksab, ühiskonna arvamust kallutada, et prostitutsiooni siiski kuidagi ära keelustada.
Mina pooldan teist teed: legaliseerime lõbuäri lõpuks ometi ära. Legaliseerime ära ja võtame kontrolli alla. Las lõbuärimehed panevad püsti uhked, kõigi mugavustega lõbumajad, kus prostituudile makstakse hästi ning kus ta saab kliente valida. Kui me tänuväärse seksitöö tegijaid sedaviisi tunnustame, siis kaugel pole aeg, mil ajakirjade esikaasi kaunistavad prostituutide pildid ning kompleksivaba ja suurema seksiisuga naine võib uhkelt prostituudiameti kasuks otsustada. Miks mitte?
neljapäev, 3. juuli 2008
Film Kehaturg ETVs - öäkk
Film oli nii halb, et ma ei viitsi seda isegi kommenteerida. Aga olgu, kui te nii väga peale käite, oeh. Põhipoint: prostielu on ilgelt jama. Nyyhk, lõpus magas tots vereloigus, nuuuuuuuuks. Pisarakoor, palun!
Autoriteks võrdlemisi inetu naine Tiina Jõgeda ning kommentaatoriteks-prostide eestvõitlejateks võrdlemisi inetud naised Eda Mölder ja Iris Pettai, kellele, ma spekuleerin siin, mitte ükski mees seksi eest ei maksaks.
Minu meelest on prostitutsiooni vastu võitlemine inetute naiste sõda ilusate naiste vastu. Inetud naised ütlevad, et ilusad naised on rumalad ja kaitsetud ning neil tuleb ära keelata õigus oma keha üle otsustada (põhjendus: nad on ju nii rumalad). Ilusad naised tehakse ohvriks, viktimiseeritakse, võetakse nö matroonide kaitse alla, mis tähendab sisuliselt ilusate, turul hinnas olevate naiste relvitustamist, sest seksuaalsus ning eriti ülevoolav seksuaalsus, mille tipuks on prostitutsioon, on inetutele ning ebaseksuaalsetele, turul maha kantud naistele ohtlik, või õigemini on ta ohtlik nende naiste meestele, keda nad tahavad iga hinna eest enda küljes kinni hoida. Keskaja külanaiste loogika, kes püüdsid oma mehi külahoorade eest kaitsta. Siis süüdistati hoori nõiduses ning nende tuleriidal põletamist seletati sellega, et nõid on nõrk, kuradist vallatud ning kui ta tulle pista, siis kurat tuleb nõia suu kaudu mauhti välja.
Sama loogika Tiina Jõgedal, Eda Möldril, Iris Pettail. Et kui me nüüd kõik hästi kõvasti ja kooris karjume, kui väga-väga ühiskond, s.o me kõik proste põlgame ning nendega üldse suhelda ei taha, s.o põletame neid avalikult tuleriidal, siis tuleb kurat mauhti prosti suu kaudu välja ning prost hakkab korralikuks, võtab omale tubli ehitustöölise meheks ja sünnitab tollele riburadapidi kuus armsat kahupäist jõnglast. Ega ohusta enam Tiina Jõgeda, Eda Möldri ja Iris Pettai mehi. Trallalalla!
Tegelt on muidugi sedasi, et prostiks hakkab naine, kes ei taha hakata koristajaks või säästumarketi kassapidajaks. Kes armastab seks liiga palju raha ning luksasju. Ja kel pole midagi selle vastu, et raha ning luksasjade eest jalad harali ajada. Kaua sel mehel paugu lahti saamine ikka aega võtab, 10 mintsi max. Tiina Jõgedale, Eda Möldrile ja Iris Pettaile aga selline kerge teenistus ei meeldi, sest selleks 10 mintsi meheks võib, ups, osutuda nende enda armas tagasihoidlik koduperemees, kes muidu üldse väljas ei käi, või kui, siis keti otsas. Aga ükspäev äkki kogemata pääseb keti otsast lahti nagu Inno ja näe, putkab müüdava naise juurde. Mõned aastad tagasi kirjutas Siiri Oviir, et prosti juures käiv mees on kiskja. See 10 mintsi mees võib olla ka Madis Oviir, kui tal mõnel üksildasel õhtul kange seksiisu peale tuleb ja Siiri on parajasti Brüsselis euroasja ajamas. Madis Mikko, Marianne mees, juba andis piinavale seksinäljale järele, kui Mariannekse juurest minekit tegi. Biznis-sots Marianne sõdib samuti aktiivselt hooradest kuradi väljaajamise vastu.
Pliiz, ärge tehke enam selliseid vilme. Mitte filme, aga vilme. Piinlik hakkab.
Autoriteks võrdlemisi inetu naine Tiina Jõgeda ning kommentaatoriteks-prostide eestvõitlejateks võrdlemisi inetud naised Eda Mölder ja Iris Pettai, kellele, ma spekuleerin siin, mitte ükski mees seksi eest ei maksaks.
Minu meelest on prostitutsiooni vastu võitlemine inetute naiste sõda ilusate naiste vastu. Inetud naised ütlevad, et ilusad naised on rumalad ja kaitsetud ning neil tuleb ära keelata õigus oma keha üle otsustada (põhjendus: nad on ju nii rumalad). Ilusad naised tehakse ohvriks, viktimiseeritakse, võetakse nö matroonide kaitse alla, mis tähendab sisuliselt ilusate, turul hinnas olevate naiste relvitustamist, sest seksuaalsus ning eriti ülevoolav seksuaalsus, mille tipuks on prostitutsioon, on inetutele ning ebaseksuaalsetele, turul maha kantud naistele ohtlik, või õigemini on ta ohtlik nende naiste meestele, keda nad tahavad iga hinna eest enda küljes kinni hoida. Keskaja külanaiste loogika, kes püüdsid oma mehi külahoorade eest kaitsta. Siis süüdistati hoori nõiduses ning nende tuleriidal põletamist seletati sellega, et nõid on nõrk, kuradist vallatud ning kui ta tulle pista, siis kurat tuleb nõia suu kaudu mauhti välja.
Sama loogika Tiina Jõgedal, Eda Möldril, Iris Pettail. Et kui me nüüd kõik hästi kõvasti ja kooris karjume, kui väga-väga ühiskond, s.o me kõik proste põlgame ning nendega üldse suhelda ei taha, s.o põletame neid avalikult tuleriidal, siis tuleb kurat mauhti prosti suu kaudu välja ning prost hakkab korralikuks, võtab omale tubli ehitustöölise meheks ja sünnitab tollele riburadapidi kuus armsat kahupäist jõnglast. Ega ohusta enam Tiina Jõgeda, Eda Möldri ja Iris Pettai mehi. Trallalalla!
Tegelt on muidugi sedasi, et prostiks hakkab naine, kes ei taha hakata koristajaks või säästumarketi kassapidajaks. Kes armastab seks liiga palju raha ning luksasju. Ja kel pole midagi selle vastu, et raha ning luksasjade eest jalad harali ajada. Kaua sel mehel paugu lahti saamine ikka aega võtab, 10 mintsi max. Tiina Jõgedale, Eda Möldrile ja Iris Pettaile aga selline kerge teenistus ei meeldi, sest selleks 10 mintsi meheks võib, ups, osutuda nende enda armas tagasihoidlik koduperemees, kes muidu üldse väljas ei käi, või kui, siis keti otsas. Aga ükspäev äkki kogemata pääseb keti otsast lahti nagu Inno ja näe, putkab müüdava naise juurde. Mõned aastad tagasi kirjutas Siiri Oviir, et prosti juures käiv mees on kiskja. See 10 mintsi mees võib olla ka Madis Oviir, kui tal mõnel üksildasel õhtul kange seksiisu peale tuleb ja Siiri on parajasti Brüsselis euroasja ajamas. Madis Mikko, Marianne mees, juba andis piinavale seksinäljale järele, kui Mariannekse juurest minekit tegi. Biznis-sots Marianne sõdib samuti aktiivselt hooradest kuradi väljaajamise vastu.
Pliiz, ärge tehke enam selliseid vilme. Mitte filme, aga vilme. Piinlik hakkab.
Jätkan kampaaniat: isad, ärge laske endale mütsi pähe tõmmata
Kuivõrd austusväärne Postimees jätkab naiste rafineeritud väljapressimise eestvõitlejana, siis tasakaalu huvides jätkan mina, Irja, meeste eestvõitlejana. Ehk kordan oma soovitust: pidage aru, enne kui maksate. Ja kui palju maksate.
See, et mehed oma lapsi ei näe, on juba piisav karistus. Naisele selle eest peale maksta on ülim ogarus. Toetage vaid naist, kellega olete lahku läinud sõbralikult, kes ei tee teile lapsega kohtumisel takistusi ega ole vaenulik teie uue naise vastu.
MTÜ Isade Eesti liige Andres Paling räägib õigest asjast. Ta ütleb, et sellist fondi, kus on saamata kohtumised (kus emad on teinud isadele takistusi lapsega kohtumisel), ju pole. Tsiteerin: "Neid isasid, kes näevad ema kasvatada jäänud lapsi harva või üldse mitte, on palju. Alimendid võivad tunduda nagu rent mõne tunni eest lapsega".
Justtäpselt, nagu ma kirjutasin, ema prostitueerib last isale. Või kui soovite, siis küsib tasu selle seksi eest, mis leidis aset lapsetegemisel. 18 aastat takkajärgi.
Läheme olulise pointi juurde, mis asetab naised ja mehed lapsetegemisel ning lapse eest vastutamisel ebavõrdsesse olukorda. Nimelt on naisel iga kell õigus lapsest loobuda. Ta võib näiteks kolmandal raseduskuul aborti teha, sest mõtleb, et uuuups, ma ikkagi ei tahtnud seda vääksu. Ja abordiarst imeb naisest loote välja, valmis. Samuti saab last üksinda kasvatav naine lapse iga kell lapse lastekodusse anda, kui ta ükspäev leiab, et ei saa lapse kasvatamisega hakkama.
Mehele selliseid loobumisvõimalusi antud ei ole. Isegi kui mees on naisele selgelt mõista andnud, et ta last ei taha, kui nad on ses isegi kokku leppinud ja naine otsustab ikkagi lapse saada (ja olgem ausad, see on ALATI naine, kes otsustab lapse saada), siis mees on naisest õiguslikult palju ebavõrdsemas olukorras, sest temalt on võetud õigused, mis on antud naisele, aga kohustused on tal naisega võrdsed. Ehk siis piltlikult öeldes on mees sunnitud maksma asja eest, mille soetamisel tal ei olnud lõpliku otsustuse õigust. Naisele aga, kel on selle asja suhtes igakülgne otsustusõigus, ka siis, kui see asi on juba lihast ja luust inimene, on riik andnud omalaadse legaalse väljapressimisõiguse. Riigi motiive on kerge mõista. Riik soovib endale juurde tulevasi maksumaksjaid ning utsitab naisi sünnitama (s.o meestele lapsi tegema), lubades: ära muretse, me aitame sul mehelt rahasid välja pressida. Mis muud see Reet Roosi üleskiidetud alimendifond on (kus riik nõuab alimendid pärast isalt sisse), kui riigi ja naise ühisräkit.
Seejuures on sellise räkitluse taustal kõnekas, et nii Põhi- kui perekonnaseadus rõhutavad sugupoolte võrdsust. Lepinguõiguse üks olulisemaid printsiipe on hea usu põhimõte, mis tähendab seda, et kokkulepped tuleb sõlmida heas usus, mitte kavatsusega neid hiljem rikkuda. Kui mees on naisele selgelt väljendanud soovi mitte last saada ning naine sellegipoolest otsustab sünnitada, siis sisuliselt on tegemist lepingu rikkumisega, millega kaasnevad kohustused peab kandma rikkuja ehk naine. Kui me asetame sellises olukorras kohustuse, s.o lapse eest hoolitsemise mehe õlgadele, siis see tähendab seda, et lepingu rikkumise kahjud peab kandma kahjukannataja, kes täitis kokkulepet korralikult. Mis on ju perversne ning õiguse üldiste põhimõtetega räiges vastuolus. Selgelt tuleks niisiis diferentseerida selliseid keisse, kus mees on olnud algusest peale lapse saamisele vastu. Siis peaks tal olema nullvastutus, kui naine lapse saada otsustab (naisel on õigus mitte sünnitada). Kui mees on lapsega algusest peale nõus, siis on teine lugu, ta annab lapse saamiseks aktsepti. Samas ei ole tal ka sellisel juhul lõppotsustuse õigust, mis tähendab seda, et naisel on õigus laps sünnitusmajas ära anda, kui ta peaks seal otsustama, et ta siiski last ei soovi ehk jälle on naine paremas olukorras kui mees. Kuna mehel on lapse suhtes vähem õigusi kui naisel, seda just lapsest loobumise küsimuses, siis on õiglane, et tema panus lapse kasvatamisse on väiksem. Aus oleks, kui mees panustaks lapse kasvatamisse poole vähem kui naine. NB! Et kohtus kergem oleks, siis soovitan kõigi meestel enne naisega suhete alustamist, s.o seksi paberi peale kirja panna, kas nad on lapse saamisega nõus või mitte. Suuliste lepete tõestamisega on raskusi.
Julgustan mehi, kes tunnevad, et nemad on just sellises olukorras, kus nad peavad maksma selle eest, mida nad ei tellinud, oma õiguste kaitseks kohtusse minema. Ning rõhuda just sellele põhimõttele, et kui neil polnud õigust lapse sündi ära hoida, siis neil pole ka kohustust lapse eest vastutada.
Ütlen veel seda, et minul on 21. sajandi naisena sügavalt häbi nende naiste pärast, kes oma endistelt elukaaslastelt kohtu kaudu alimendiraha ruinavad. Nad annavad kogu naissoole halva nime. Aitab juba sest lõputust ohvri mängimisest. Tahtsid last ja otsustasid sünnitada, SIIS VASTUTA ISE. Või kui hakkama ei saa, siis anna laps mehele. Või lastekodusse. Kogu aeg jahume võrdsusest ja et naised on juba nii kaugele jõudnud, aga kui vaatad neid alimendikeisse, siis jumal halasta, tuleb tunnistada, et mõned naised elavad ikka veel kiviajas, kus naine istus kodus leemepoti ääres ning mees käis jahil. Kus on selliste uhkus? Nagu kerjused, käsi pikal, riigilt ja meestelt almust palumas. Häbi, häbi, häbi. Otsige ise endale tasuv töö, mitte ärge käskige meestel seda teha.
Meestele niipalju, et ärge laske endale mütsi pähe tõmmata. Kui te last ei tahtnud, siis teil pole mingit kohustust naise sünnitusotsust kinni plekkida. Kui pole õigust sünnitamisotsusel kaasa rääkida, siis pole ka kohustust sünnitamistulemuse eest vastutada. Nii on.
P.S. Lisaks sellele, et keeldute otsustavalt tellimata kauba eest maksmast, veel üks ettepanek: nimelt võiksite kaaluda breach of contract'i hagi esitamist kohtusse. Ehk kui olete selgelt väljendanud (siin oleks abi paberist või tunnistajatest) soovi last mitte saada ja naine sellegipoolest teeb teile tite, siis nõudke kohtu kaudu hüvitusraha, kuna soovimatu laps on kahju kogu eluks. Ja jätkem hale mulin, et oi, laps on taeva kingitus. Ega ikka ei ole küll, kui sa teda ei taha. Siis ta on üks piin ja viletsus. Inimene harjub muidugi kõigega, isegi Siberi polaarööst on elusana tagasi tuldud, ja see pole välistatud, et ka soovimatu laps muutub ükspäev armsaks, aga see ei tähenda, et see teeb naisepoolse lepingurikkumise lahedaks. Mehel on sellises olukorras täielik õigus ootamatu ning ebameeldiva sürpriisi eest kahjutasu nõuda.
Äkki see paneb naised mõtlema, enne kui nad jalad harali ajavad ja mehele soovimatu lapse kaela sokutavad. Kui pead ise pappi välja käristama, siis võib-olla ei määri mehele last nii kergekäeliselt kaela?
See, et mehed oma lapsi ei näe, on juba piisav karistus. Naisele selle eest peale maksta on ülim ogarus. Toetage vaid naist, kellega olete lahku läinud sõbralikult, kes ei tee teile lapsega kohtumisel takistusi ega ole vaenulik teie uue naise vastu.
MTÜ Isade Eesti liige Andres Paling räägib õigest asjast. Ta ütleb, et sellist fondi, kus on saamata kohtumised (kus emad on teinud isadele takistusi lapsega kohtumisel), ju pole. Tsiteerin: "Neid isasid, kes näevad ema kasvatada jäänud lapsi harva või üldse mitte, on palju. Alimendid võivad tunduda nagu rent mõne tunni eest lapsega".
Justtäpselt, nagu ma kirjutasin, ema prostitueerib last isale. Või kui soovite, siis küsib tasu selle seksi eest, mis leidis aset lapsetegemisel. 18 aastat takkajärgi.
Läheme olulise pointi juurde, mis asetab naised ja mehed lapsetegemisel ning lapse eest vastutamisel ebavõrdsesse olukorda. Nimelt on naisel iga kell õigus lapsest loobuda. Ta võib näiteks kolmandal raseduskuul aborti teha, sest mõtleb, et uuuups, ma ikkagi ei tahtnud seda vääksu. Ja abordiarst imeb naisest loote välja, valmis. Samuti saab last üksinda kasvatav naine lapse iga kell lapse lastekodusse anda, kui ta ükspäev leiab, et ei saa lapse kasvatamisega hakkama.
Mehele selliseid loobumisvõimalusi antud ei ole. Isegi kui mees on naisele selgelt mõista andnud, et ta last ei taha, kui nad on ses isegi kokku leppinud ja naine otsustab ikkagi lapse saada (ja olgem ausad, see on ALATI naine, kes otsustab lapse saada), siis mees on naisest õiguslikult palju ebavõrdsemas olukorras, sest temalt on võetud õigused, mis on antud naisele, aga kohustused on tal naisega võrdsed. Ehk siis piltlikult öeldes on mees sunnitud maksma asja eest, mille soetamisel tal ei olnud lõpliku otsustuse õigust. Naisele aga, kel on selle asja suhtes igakülgne otsustusõigus, ka siis, kui see asi on juba lihast ja luust inimene, on riik andnud omalaadse legaalse väljapressimisõiguse. Riigi motiive on kerge mõista. Riik soovib endale juurde tulevasi maksumaksjaid ning utsitab naisi sünnitama (s.o meestele lapsi tegema), lubades: ära muretse, me aitame sul mehelt rahasid välja pressida. Mis muud see Reet Roosi üleskiidetud alimendifond on (kus riik nõuab alimendid pärast isalt sisse), kui riigi ja naise ühisräkit.
Seejuures on sellise räkitluse taustal kõnekas, et nii Põhi- kui perekonnaseadus rõhutavad sugupoolte võrdsust. Lepinguõiguse üks olulisemaid printsiipe on hea usu põhimõte, mis tähendab seda, et kokkulepped tuleb sõlmida heas usus, mitte kavatsusega neid hiljem rikkuda. Kui mees on naisele selgelt väljendanud soovi mitte last saada ning naine sellegipoolest otsustab sünnitada, siis sisuliselt on tegemist lepingu rikkumisega, millega kaasnevad kohustused peab kandma rikkuja ehk naine. Kui me asetame sellises olukorras kohustuse, s.o lapse eest hoolitsemise mehe õlgadele, siis see tähendab seda, et lepingu rikkumise kahjud peab kandma kahjukannataja, kes täitis kokkulepet korralikult. Mis on ju perversne ning õiguse üldiste põhimõtetega räiges vastuolus. Selgelt tuleks niisiis diferentseerida selliseid keisse, kus mees on olnud algusest peale lapse saamisele vastu. Siis peaks tal olema nullvastutus, kui naine lapse saada otsustab (naisel on õigus mitte sünnitada). Kui mees on lapsega algusest peale nõus, siis on teine lugu, ta annab lapse saamiseks aktsepti. Samas ei ole tal ka sellisel juhul lõppotsustuse õigust, mis tähendab seda, et naisel on õigus laps sünnitusmajas ära anda, kui ta peaks seal otsustama, et ta siiski last ei soovi ehk jälle on naine paremas olukorras kui mees. Kuna mehel on lapse suhtes vähem õigusi kui naisel, seda just lapsest loobumise küsimuses, siis on õiglane, et tema panus lapse kasvatamisse on väiksem. Aus oleks, kui mees panustaks lapse kasvatamisse poole vähem kui naine. NB! Et kohtus kergem oleks, siis soovitan kõigi meestel enne naisega suhete alustamist, s.o seksi paberi peale kirja panna, kas nad on lapse saamisega nõus või mitte. Suuliste lepete tõestamisega on raskusi.
Julgustan mehi, kes tunnevad, et nemad on just sellises olukorras, kus nad peavad maksma selle eest, mida nad ei tellinud, oma õiguste kaitseks kohtusse minema. Ning rõhuda just sellele põhimõttele, et kui neil polnud õigust lapse sündi ära hoida, siis neil pole ka kohustust lapse eest vastutada.
Ütlen veel seda, et minul on 21. sajandi naisena sügavalt häbi nende naiste pärast, kes oma endistelt elukaaslastelt kohtu kaudu alimendiraha ruinavad. Nad annavad kogu naissoole halva nime. Aitab juba sest lõputust ohvri mängimisest. Tahtsid last ja otsustasid sünnitada, SIIS VASTUTA ISE. Või kui hakkama ei saa, siis anna laps mehele. Või lastekodusse. Kogu aeg jahume võrdsusest ja et naised on juba nii kaugele jõudnud, aga kui vaatad neid alimendikeisse, siis jumal halasta, tuleb tunnistada, et mõned naised elavad ikka veel kiviajas, kus naine istus kodus leemepoti ääres ning mees käis jahil. Kus on selliste uhkus? Nagu kerjused, käsi pikal, riigilt ja meestelt almust palumas. Häbi, häbi, häbi. Otsige ise endale tasuv töö, mitte ärge käskige meestel seda teha.
Meestele niipalju, et ärge laske endale mütsi pähe tõmmata. Kui te last ei tahtnud, siis teil pole mingit kohustust naise sünnitusotsust kinni plekkida. Kui pole õigust sünnitamisotsusel kaasa rääkida, siis pole ka kohustust sünnitamistulemuse eest vastutada. Nii on.
P.S. Lisaks sellele, et keeldute otsustavalt tellimata kauba eest maksmast, veel üks ettepanek: nimelt võiksite kaaluda breach of contract'i hagi esitamist kohtusse. Ehk kui olete selgelt väljendanud (siin oleks abi paberist või tunnistajatest) soovi last mitte saada ja naine sellegipoolest teeb teile tite, siis nõudke kohtu kaudu hüvitusraha, kuna soovimatu laps on kahju kogu eluks. Ja jätkem hale mulin, et oi, laps on taeva kingitus. Ega ikka ei ole küll, kui sa teda ei taha. Siis ta on üks piin ja viletsus. Inimene harjub muidugi kõigega, isegi Siberi polaarööst on elusana tagasi tuldud, ja see pole välistatud, et ka soovimatu laps muutub ükspäev armsaks, aga see ei tähenda, et see teeb naisepoolse lepingurikkumise lahedaks. Mehel on sellises olukorras täielik õigus ootamatu ning ebameeldiva sürpriisi eest kahjutasu nõuda.
Äkki see paneb naised mõtlema, enne kui nad jalad harali ajavad ja mehele soovimatu lapse kaela sokutavad. Kui pead ise pappi välja käristama, siis võib-olla ei määri mehele last nii kergekäeliselt kaela?
Tellimine:
Postitused (Atom)