Kui arvestada, et üks Eesti sõdur läheb Afganistanis maksma miljon krooni aastas, läheb kogu ligi 140-mehelise kontingendi ülalpidamine seal maksma 140 miljonit krooni aastas. Pluss võimalikud hilisemad kulud seoses hukkunud ja haavatud sõduritega.
Siit küsimus, kas Eestile, mille majandus on kriisist saanud ühe maailma suurima löögi, on sellise sõja pidamine vajalik? Seda eriti olukorras, kus paljud riigid on oma väeosad üldse Afganistanist välja tõmmanud.
3 kommentaari:
Afgaani sõja kohta on ajakirja
Village artikkel:
WARLORDS STILL DOMINATE AFGHANISTAN
Warlords and the Taliban should be disarmed,US/NATO forces should withdraw,and progressive should be supported.
Julien Mercille
Over the last three decades,Washington has empowered fundamentalist and Violent groups in Afghanistan,but neglected progressive,democratic and peaceful ones.After 9/11,the US routed the Taliban but brought back another evil:the warlords.
In the 1980s,the US,its West European allies,Saudi Arabia,
Pakistan and Iran supported various mujahideen factions opposing Soviet troops in Afganistan.Those fighters flouted human rights,but that didn't
stop outside powers from assisting them:what counted was to make the Soviets bleed,and violent fanatics were useful for that.
In the 1990s,after the soviet withdrawal,mujahideen groupings started fighting each other for the country and all factions commited atrocities.Kabul was shelled repeatedly and tens of thousands of innocent civilians were killed.
The Taliban eventually took power,but were soon toppled by the US in 2001.Washington then made a fateful decision that would prolong Afghan's suffering up to this day:instead of supporting progressivegroups,the US allied itself with some of the same warlords and mujahideen leaders who had killed,raped and tortured over the previous two decades.
This won't surprise anybody familiar with the history of US foreign policy,but we can still ask,why did the US empower the warlords?
The answer is that they were useful
in removing the Taliban forcefully so the world would see that nobody should mess with washington;
because promoting democracy was not the point of the invasion
anyway;and because progressive groups would surely have called for policies opposed to Washington's plans,such as opposing
"surge" of troops or simply asking them to withdraw.
The warlords are still in power today and control much of Afghanistan.Examplesof past abuses for which they are responsible abound,but the following story
related by Amnesty International
makes the point:
In Kabul in 1994,a young woman whose husband had been killed in a bomb attack left her three small children at home to go find some food.Two Mijahideen armed guards arrested her in the street and took her to their base in a house where 22 men raped her for three days.She was then allowed to go.When she reachedher home she found three children had died of hypothermia.
The pertepetrators of such atrocities-warlords and mujahideen commanders-were
showered with millions of dollars by the US in the wake of the 2001 invasion.Jourmalist Ahmed Rashid reports that the warlords were then"all on the CIA's extensive payroll"and considered to be American allies,in addition to drawing substantial funds from the drug trade.
American support in the form of weapons and cash allowed the warlords to divide the country into personal fiefs:General Rashid
Dostum in the north,General Daud in the northeast,Abdul Qadir in the east,Gul Agha Sherzai in the south,Ismael Khan in the west,and Karim Khalili,Syed Akbari and Mohamed Mohaqiq in the center of the country,among others.
Human Rights Watch reported that warlords subverted the national electoral process that took place in the years following the invasion"through threats,
beatings,imprisonment and intimidation,"resulting in them maintaining a "strangehold on Afghan politics".As a result,they dominated the parliament elected in2005:60% of deputies in the lower house were directly or indirectly
connectedto current and past human rights abuses.
This cast a shadow over some positive developments,such
as the fact that women were guaranteed a substantial number of seats in the parliament.
Jätkub...
Elagu konkurents!
UPCOMING ELECTIONS
Today,warlords have positions in
government,the police,the army and in business.Though they have largely relinguished their tanks and heavy artillery,most have maintained their militias in the form of private security companies,
political parties or loose business networks,exerting control through a mafia-like system.
According to the wall Street Journal,warlords currently
co-operating with the US in Afghanistan include Gul Agha Shirzai(governor of Nangarhar province),Ismail Khan(previously governor of Heart province,now Minister of energy in Karzai´s kabinet)and Atta Mohammed Noor(governor of Balkh province).
Amnesty International recently stated that"millions"of Afghans are still"terrorised"by"local militias ostensibly allied with the government"as well as by the Taliban and that"only a handful" of those responsible for atrocities over the last three decades have been brought to justice.NATO and US forces keep handing over detainees to Afghanistan´s inteligence service,which practises torture and arbitrary detention.
Presidential elections are set for August 20. Hamid Karzai is the front-runner,but warlords remain the main power-brokers.
Indeed,Karzai has recently announced that his two
running-mates were notable former mujahideen commanders Muhammad Fahim and Muhammad Khalili.
According to Human Rights Watch,Fahim has"the blood of many Afghans on his hands".
This continues Karzai´s record of appeasement of a rogues´gallery of human rights abusers to maintain their allegiance.
In particular,with US support,
Karzai may attempt to make peace with Gulbuddin Hekmatyar and some"moderate" Taliban.They could be given positions in the
government in return for abandoning the insurgency.
Hekmatyar was a leading mujahideen recipient of US aid in the 1980s;
during the 1990s,his soldiers fired rockets and shells into Kabul
that devastated the city and killed thousands of people.To top it all off,he´s also known for allegedly throwing acid in women´s
faces.
Karzai is said to be offering to let General Dostum come back to
Afghanistan from Turkey,where he went recently after he allegedly kidnapped and tortured a political rival.
This could lead to his formal reintegration into Afghan politics.
Human rights groups have reported that Dostum once ordered hundreds of prisoners to be packed into shipping crates and left them suffocating under the sun.
THE WAY FORWARD
Violent and anti-democratic groups and individuals have been put in positions of power by foreign governments,but progressive actors have been relegated to the margins.
The way forward for Afghanistan is to reverse this situation.Warlords and the Taliban should be disarmed,
US/NATO forces should withdraw,and progressive such as Malalai Joya and RAWA(Revolutionary Association of the Women og Afghanistan)should
be supported.
Malalai Joya is an Afghan member
of parliament who has been very vocal in opposing warlords and fundamentalists.She has been suspended from parliament after declaring that"a stable or a zoo is better,at least there you have a donkey that carries a load and cow that provides milk.This parliament is worse than a stable or a zoo." Clips of her heated excanges with Afghan politicians can be found on Youtube.
RAWA has been active in Afghanistan and Pakistan since 1977and is one of the most important women's organisations there.It has
considently opposed the warlords,
the Taliban,and the NATO occupation,fought for women's
rights,worked with Afghan refugees,and received millions of dollars.
THAT JUST SHOWS THAT ANYBODY WHO STILL BELIEVES THAT WASHINGTON INVADED AFGHANISTAN TO PROMOTE DEMOCRACY IS SIMPLY WRONG.
Us priorities are also revealed by comparing the amount spent by its military alone in Afghanistan-$100 MILLION EVERY DAY-with the ludicrous amount provided by international donors for reconstruction and development-
meager $7 MILLION PER DAY.
No wonder Afghans are still suffering.
Elagu konkurents!
Selline matemaatika on pullikaka!
Lisaks soduritele on tegemist logistikaga; staabitooga; erinevate diplomaatiliste kulutustega lisaks ministeerimude strateegianoustajad jne. Summa korruta 3-ga, oled ehk veel veidi alla aga lahemal.
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